Navegando por Assunto "Reflorestamento"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Antraquinonas e naftoquinonas do caule de um espécime de reflorestamento de Tectona grandi (Verbenaceae)
(2006-09) MOREIRA, Rafael Yasunori Okada; ARRUDA, Mara Silvia Pinheiro; ARRUDA, Alberto Cardoso; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; MÜLLER, Adolfo Henrique; GUILHON, Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro; SANTOS, Alberdan Silva; TEREZO, Evaristo
The hexane extract of the bark of Tectona grandis (Verbenaceae) afforded two anthraquinones and two naphtoquinones. Their caracterizations were obtained through NMR spectroscopic techniques. This is the first phytochemical study of the bark of Tectona grandis reforestation specimen in Brazil. The main interest in this work is proving the presence of tectoquinone in reforestation specimen.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biomass yield and calorific value of six clonal stands of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake cultivated in Northeastern Brazil
(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2013-09) ANDRADE, Thiago Cavalcante Gomes Ribeiro de; BARROS, Nairam Félix de; DIAS, Luiz Eduardo; AZEVEDO, Maria Inês Ramos
The worldwide demand for clean, sustainable energy has increased in recent years. A potential alternative energy source is biomass from nonnative forests, particularly from the genus Eucalyptus spp. in the specific case of Brazil, currently with several selected clonal stands for energy production. Because each stand adapts differently to different environments, specific studies are required in order to evaluate energy production in a given region. The objective of this study is to determine, from among six clonal stands of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake, which have greater potential for production of biomass and energy in the South Central region of Maranhão (Grajaú). Clonal stands planted at a spacing of 4 x 3 m apart were evaluated at age 41 months, distributed in a completely randomized design with five replicates. Each experimental plot consisted of 100 trees. Analysis included determining biomass yield and distribution in each tree portion as well as calorific value of bark and wood components. Out of the six clonal stands, two outdid the others both in biomass yield and in energy generation, surpassing the least yielding stand by up to 27%.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dendê é Reflorestamento? Percepção de diferentes atores envolvidos na agroindústria do dendê no Nordeste Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11-20) TAVARES, Paula Izadora do Egyto; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611
This master’s thesis analyzes how family farmers integrated into the oil palm agro-industry perceive reforestation processes. This theme came about through the suggestion that the implementation of the national program for the production and use of biodiesel (pnpb) for agrofuel production in brazil would bring forth environmental benefits. The program was the main driver of oil palm expansion in the amazonian state of pará. Among its guidelines, it is stated that the oil palm cultivation is sustainable and a possible means of recuperating degraded areas through reforestation. Research for this study included the collection of secondary and primary data in the municipality of irituia, located in the northeastern region of pará. It also included data collection on the history of reforestation in brazil. Environmental laws and scientific papers were reviewed to analyze under which circumstances reforestation is recommended and implemented, and the concepts and definitions employed in these discussions. Results are presented in two articles. The first analyzes the arrival of oil palm cultivation in irituia and local actors’ initial reactions, describing their motivations for adopting or rejecting this activity. The second reveals actors’ perceptions surrounding notions of reforestation according to different world views. The study concludes that oil palm cultivation in irituia was received with divergent attitudes that persist until today between those who defend the activity and those who oppose it. Some view it as a way to earn income and improve their quality of life, while others, who oppose the activity, believe that the activity is not fitting to the local reality. Regarding reforestation, interested groups worked to legalize oil palm cultivation to fit into this category. Farmers who compare current oil palm areas with the previous land-use types (pastures or young fallows) believe that it is pertinent to claim that oil palm fulfils the role of reforestation, since oil palm plantations provide benefits, such as shade, improving the micro-climate and hosting animals, even if they are limited to rodents, snakes and spiders.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desmatamento em territórios tradicionalmente ocupados: disputas, conflitos e significados do reflorestamento e da restauração florestal no Bico do Papagaio Tocantinense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-16) BESSA, Mayara Suellen Costa; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
Traditional communities and Indigenous Peoples living in transition areas between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes are suffering pressure from the spread of forestry monocultures over their territories. The present work aims to understand the perception of indigenous people from Aldeia Cocalinho, in the Apinayé Indigenous Land, in Tocantins, and the Community of Quebradeiras de Coco Babaçu Sete Barracas, also in Tocantins, about reforestation activities based on projects developed in the region do Bico do Papagaio (TO), in the municipalities of São Bento do Tocantins and São Miguel, respectively by the companies Suzano and Nobleinvest. The research proposes to observe the reforestation projects of forestry companies in perspective of the traditional agricultural practices of these two communities, in order to highlight the contradictions of the corporate reforestation model, predominant in the Bico do Papagaio region. The approach of this research is qualitative, with ethnography and semistructured interviews. The thesis defended is that the forestry companies Suzano and Nobleinvest caused and still cause accumulation through spoliation, especially through deforestation in areas appropriated or acquired for eucalyptus and teak monocultures. As part of the consolidation of these companies over collective territories, there is a justification for carrying out reforestation activities, which create a new mechanism for expropriation of ways and means of life in Aldeia Cocalinho and the Sete Barracas Community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geração de energia elétrica a partir dos resíduos do processo de beneficiamento do óleo de palma: uma abordagem sustentável para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-01-16) KÜHL, Ricardo Marino; ROCHA, Brigida Ramati Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9943372249006341
The deforestation, mainly verified in the Amazon region, has declined, but deforested areas, due to anthropic actions such as agriculture, or pastures opening, are still a hindrance, since the resilience process requires time to act. In this bias, the Agroecological Zoning, Production and Management of Oil Palm Culture in Amazon (ZAE-Dendê), evaluated the degraded areas in the Legal Amazon, aiming the palm plantation to recover them, based on the best practices. The present work goes beyond, evaluating the implantation of palm oil as a way of recovering degraded areas in Pará; the power generation from palm oil processing residues; as well as analyzing carbon dioxide reducing potential. The methodology used, covered the selection of degraded areas in Pará as the study area. Based on theoretical references some data were consolidate: the production of fresh fruits bunches (FFB) per hectare, the amount of waste per tonne of FFB, power generated from the residues and CO2 value fixation and emission. The results related to the CO2 emissions and fixation showed that the palm oil culture has the potential to reduce a range from 180 to 500 million tons of CO2eq., in addition to avoiding emission of 550 to 2,204 million tons of CO2eq., in a production cycle (25 years). The power generation potential verified from the anaerobic digestion of the liquid effluent range from 212 to 531 TWh during a palm oil production cycle. These data attests palm oil residues to become an alternative energy resource, as well as an alternative to degraded areas recovery. Therefore, this work is a subsidy for an Integrated Resource Planning elaboration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identificação de áreas preferenciais para uso de espécies florestais potenciais em sistemas agroflorestais no Arco Verde Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-31) ANDRADE, Daniele Bonente Melo de; BRIENZA JÚNIOR, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1750852376922258
Deforestation is an evident process at Amazonia from the predatory human activity of natural resources. Logging and agriculture are the main activities that have promoted destruction of forest at Arc of Desforestation. Therefore reforestation has been the focus of public policies that the Government has developed through the “Programa Arco Verde”. In Pará this program is being implemented in 16 municipalities that they constitute the critical areas of deforestation due to human pressures. In this context agroforestry has been an alternative for reforestation these areas. This work aimed identification preferred areas for plantation of 15 tree species with potential use in agroforestry systems. From the intersection of spatial data type of climate and water deficit, we identified 24 bioclimate areas at “Arco Verde” of Para state. The results for plantation of forest species in preferred areas are: J. copaia, T. serratifolia e B. excelsa are potential to be planted 100% do Arco Verde Paraense; C. pentandra, H. courbaril, S. morototoni e T. vulgaris are indicated to be planted in 98% of the target area; C. odorata, C. goeldiana, D. odorata, S. macrophylla are indicated to be insertion in 75% of the “Arco Verde paraense”; C. guianensis, S. parahyba var. amazonicum, B. guianensis e V. maxima in 60% of the area of work. In conclusion, it is necessary further studies in forest species that are suitable for wider preferred areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reflorestamento e recuperação de áreas degradadas na bacia hidrográfica do Tarumã-Açu e sua contribuição na redução dos gases efeito estufa.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-09-14) VERAS, Eliana da Conceição Rodrigues; BATISTA, Clauderino da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1345689043203622
The recovery of degraded areas becomes a major factor in reducing global warming, making it necessary for the reforestation process to go through a selection plan for species with the greatest potential for development in adverse conditions. The objective of the research is to investigate the survival and mortality index of fruit species, planted in a degraded area in the Tarumã-Açu-BHT Hydrographic Basin, and the estimate of carbon fixation in the period of 20 years. The methodology adopted is participant observation, with analysis of 500 seedlings of fruit species of cashew (anacardium western), 500 of ingá (ingá edulis), 500 of buriti (mauritia flexuosa) and 500 seedlings of açaí (euterpe oleracea) totaling 2000 seedlings analyzed for survival and mortality. Mapping the area through GPS - Global Position System, photographic record, bibliographic review through consultation in dissertations, theses, articles and books related to the topic, satellite images, topographic maps and pre-existing maps were used. Still as a methodology, it was defined that the percentage of mortality acceptable for the continuation of the reforestation process is up to 20%. The selection and monitoring of seedlings takes place in the period from 2015 to 2019, obtaining a result of 84.8% survival of the mauritia flexuosa, 87.2% of the euterpe oleracea, 87% of Ingá Edulis and 100% of the western anacardium. All species analyzed were below the defined percentage, which means that the proposed objectives were well met. For the analysis of carbon fixation, the lowest and highest index found in the literature was used, where the authors define that the lowest fixation index is 7.1 kg of CO₂ for each tree / year and the highest is 15, 6 kg of CO₂, where a single tree can absorb between 142 kg and 312 kg of CO₂ in 20 years. The carbon sequestration carried out by the planted trees contributes to reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Trote ecológico no campus sede da Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém-PA, Brasil: memória e percepção de um legado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-02) FERREIRA, Maria da Conceição Gonçalves; SIQUEIRA, Gilmar Wanzeller; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3145792580729701V
The Federal University of Pará, created in 1957, located in the Amazon region, bordered and cut by rivers, was installed in 450 hectares of várzea area. Its implantation occurred at the cost of severe loss of the vegetal cover of great part of the designated area, resulting in great transformations in the ecosystem of the region. This study investigates the impacts caused by the Ecological Trot project implemented at the UFPA campus in Belém from 1990 to 1997. The main objective of this project was to contribute to the development of a preservation awareness and belonging to the institution's students. as well as throughout the academic community, with the pedagogical commitment to reforest and recover the soils of UFPA campus areas suffering from vegetation suppression. The project also added the idea of making the students' admission to the university more humane and less aggressive, against the abusive academic trots commonly applied in the country. The research is based on the documented or perceived memory of the project's creators and implementers and the servers that experienced the daily routine of the transformations that occurred from the application of the trot. The subjects of the research were interviewed in two distinct stages: in the first stage were interviewed, through a semistructured form, the implementers of the Ecological Trot that were part of the organizational team; in the second stage were interviewed, through a mixed form, servers that experienced the Ecological Trot. The third step was aerial satellite images of the study area to verify the tree evolution in the landscape, after applying the Ecological Trot. The results of the study showed that the Ecological Trot fulfilled its objective, demonstrated by the increase of densified areas, mainly in the forests and the banks of the Tucunduba Igarapé, which limits the Basic Professional Sector, even with the occurrence of important occasional losses of afforestation of the UFPA expansion need. It was also evidenced that the Ecological Trot became a guiding framework for subsequent actions related to the environment, spreading beyond the walls of the institution and the country. Today, in addition to preserving the tree legacy of the Ecological Trot, the Institution continues to work with other socio-environmental actions and citizen awareness among the academic community, but not forgetting the planting and replanting of new species, providing the academic community with a vast array of objects for research in all areas of knowledge and giving future generations a continuous reflection, in the sense of writing a story more harmonious with nature and the chain of life.