Navegando por Assunto "Regularization"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Implementações alternativas de tomografia do tempo de trânsito utilizando a equação da onda
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-23) CARDOSO FILHO, Josafat Lopes; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739
Wave equation tomography is a robust methodology for velocity analysis when strong velocity variations occurs. This approach has been successfully applied for reservoir monitoring and characterization using crosswell data. The choice of the objective functions, preconditioners and regularizing functionals controls the robustness, eciency and the quality of the velocity reconstruction. This dissertation investigates each of these design parameters and its consequences for the performance of the wave equation tomography using synthetic crosswell data generated from smoothly and strongly heterogeneous velocity models. Two proposals for the objective functions are used in this work; the first is sensitive to phase dierences and the other is proposal to be less sensitive to the source pulse. Both do not require velocity picking performed well in the numerical experiments. A preconditioning strategy adapted from the imaging processing literature produced a noticiable improvement the convergence rate of the algorithm by eliminating artifacts caused by limited aperture, random noise and artifacts produced by sources and receivers. A regularizing functional penalizing deviations from velocity information available near the wells additionally contributes to recover a velocity tomogram with higher resolution and consistent with the synthetic model. Wave equation tomography is a robust methodology for velocity analysis when strong velocity variations occurs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interpolação de eventos de reflexão em traços sísmicos de dados pré-empilhamento usando aproximação de tempo de trânsito SRC-AF
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-24) FERNANDES, Alexandre Sodré; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
The seismic method is a well known technique for revealing details of the geological subsurface structures because the seismic data are processed and produce seismic sections, which are images of subsurface structures. The quality of the recorded seismic data depends on factors such as the complexity of the subsurface, level of noise, surface topography of acquisition, heterogeneities in the mantle of weathering, among others. Irregular acquisition, short offsets, low coverage in common points in depth lead to a low quality imaging in subsurface and low resolution in seismic sections. In common reflection surface imaging, the hyperbolic approximation of traveltimes for paraxial rays in the vicinity of a central ray reflected with finite source-receiver offset, function of five kinematic attributes of the wave field, represent better the time field reflection compared to conventional methods. The Common Reflection Surface for Common Offset (CRS-CO) approaches reflection events within the vicinity of the trace with a fixed offset that we want to interpolate, adding correlated events, where the output is defined as the weighted average of the amplitudes along the traveltime approximation SRC-AF, assigning the result to its trace to all points of an common offset section. The specific objective of this work is to model the regularization of temporal sections filling areas lacking seismic data, increasing the signal to noise ratio by interpolation of reflection events in seismic traces based on the approximation of traveltime for Common Reflection Surface for Common Offset (CRS-CO). The algorithm was applied to the seismic acquisition settings Common Source, Common Offset and Common Mid Point for a set of 2D synthetic data, modeled by ray tracing.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Regularização em estereotomografia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) MELO, Luiz André Veloso; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739
Obtaining an accurate velocity model is an essential part of imaging complex structures. In complex environments, conventional methods do not produce satisfactory results. Slope tomography is an effective tool for improving the velocity estimate. This method uses the slowness components and traveltimes of picked reection or difraction events for velocity model building. On the other hand, the unavoidable data incompleteness requires additional information to assure stability of inversion. One natural constraint for raybased tomography is a smooth velocity model. This study proposes to evaluate smoothness regularizations to slope tomography that require the evaluation of partial derivatives of the velocity model with respect to the spatial coordinates. One of evaluated regularizations is a new kind of smoothness constraint based on the reection angle. I evaluate results measuring data mist, velocity model results and scattering points recovered after inversion on synthetic data. In numerical tests the new constraint leads to geologically consistent models.