Navegando por Assunto "Relevo do embasamento"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Inversão gravimétrica do relevo de bacias extencionais através da variação total
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) LIMA, Williams Almeida; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491
We present a gravity inversion method to reconstruct the discontinuous basement relief of a sedimentary basin, whose density contrast between the basement and the sediments is constant, or decreases monotonically with depth, and known. The solution is stabilized using the total variation functional (VT), which does not impose smoothness on the solution. We compare the proposed method with the global smoothness (SG), weighted smoothness (SP) and entropic regularization (RE) methods using synthetic data produced by 2D and 3D basins presenting discontinuous relief. The solutions obtained with the proposed method were better than those obtained with SG and similar to the ones produced by SP and RE. Differently from SP, however, the proposed method does not require a priori knowledge about the basin maximum depth. As compared with RE, the present method is operationally simpler and requires the specification of just one regularization parameter. The VT, SG, and SP methods were also applied to the following areas: Ponte do Poema (UFPA), Steptoe Valley (Nevada, United States), San Jacinto Graben (California, United States) and Büyük Menderes (Turkey). Almost all those areas are characterized by the presence of highangle faults. In all cases, the VT produced basement relief estimates presenting sharp, high-angle discontinuities, in accordance with the tectonic setting of the areas.
Desconhecido
Inversão gravimétrica do relevo do embasamento usando regularização entrópica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) OLIVEIRA, Alexandre de Souza; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491
We present a new gravity inversion method, which estimates the basement relief of a sedimentary basin, whose sediments may present a constant or a decreasing density contrast with depth relative to the basement. The method combines the minimization of the first-order entropy measure with the maximization of the zeroth-order entropy measure of the solution vector (depths to the basement). The interpretation model consists of a set of rectangular juxtaposed vertical prisms with known density contrasts and whose thicknesses represent the depths to the basement relief and are the parameters to be estimated. The minimization of the first-order entropy favors solutions presenting abrupt discontinuities, and the maximization of the zeroth-order entropy is employed just to prevent its excessive minimization. We applied our method to synthetic data simulating: (i) intracratonic basins with smooth or discontinuous relief, and (ii) faulted marginal basins. In the case of a smooth basement relief, it was well delineated by the entropic regularization, and by the global and weighted smoothness. In the case of a faulted basement, either in intracratonic or marginal basins, the entropic regularization and the weighted smoothness delineated the basement relief with good precision, differently from the global smoothness. The entropic regularization, however, did not require the knowledge of the basin’s maximum depth. We applied our method to four sets of real Bouguer anomalies. The first one comes from a profile across a bridge located in the campus of the Federal University of Pará, Belém. The solution delineated the known, discontinuous topography below the bridge. The second set comes from the northern portion of Steptoe Valley, Nevada. The solution delineated a discontinuous basement relief in accordance with the known geological setting of the area. The third set comes from the San Jacinto graben, situated in California, United States. The solution indicated an asymmetric graben, as already reported by other authors. The fourth data set comes from the Büyük Menderes graben, western Turkey. The solutions presented large vertical displacements on the northern border, which is confirmed by geological information.
Desconhecido
Inversão gravimétrica estável do relevo da base e da variação da densidade com a profundidade em aterros sanitários
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-10-21) TEIXEIRA, Wlamir Abreu; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491
The present method assumes a decrease in the density contrast of a sedimentary basin according to a hyperbolic law in a waste landfill and uses two approaches: (1) the estimation of the bottom of a waste landfill assuming that the gravity anomaly, the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth are known; (2) the estimation of the density contrast at the surface and of the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth, assuming that the gravity anomaly and the relief of the waste landfill bottom are known. A variation of the latter approach consists in using the known depth values to the landfill bottom to produce a fitted gravity anomaly and estimate the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth via minimization of the Euclidean norm of the residual vector between the observed and fitted anomalies. In both cases the interpretation model is a set of vertical rectangular 2D prisms whose thicknesses are parameters to be estimated and represent the depth to the interface separating sediments and basement. The solutions of both problems are stable because of the incorporation of additional a priori information about the smoothness of the estimated relief. The presented method was applied to synthetic data produced by simulated waste landfills having maximum depth to the bottom smaller than 15 m and presenting smooth relief. The results were consistent and demonstrated the effectiveness of the method in both approaches. The method was also applied to the residual Bouguer anomaly from the Thomas Farm, Indiana, USA, leading to the conclusion that the density contrast of the landfill is either constant or present a maximum variation of about 0.09 g/cm3.
Desconhecido
Inversão gravimétrica estável do relevo do embasamento e da variação da densidade com a profundidade em bacias sedimentares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-10-21) COSTA, Denis Carlos Lima; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491
The present method assumes a decrease in the density contrast of a sedimentary basin according to a hyperbolic law and has two objectives: (1) to estimate the basement relief of the sedimentary basin assuming that the gravity anomaly, the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth are known; (2) to estimate the basement relief, the density contrast at the surface and the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth, assuming that the gravity anomaly and the depth to the basement at a few points are known. In both cases the interpretation model is a set of vertical rectangular 2D prisms whose thicknesses are parameters to be estimated and represent the depth to the interface separating sediments and basement. The solutions of both problems are stable because of the incorporation of additional a priori information about the smoothness of the estimated relief and about the depth to the basement at a few locations, presumably provided by boreholes. The method was tested with synthetic gravity anomalies produced by simulated sedimentary basins presenting smooth relief. The results showed well-resolved estimated relieves. Besides, estimated density contrasts at the surface and the decaying factors of the density contrast with depth close to the true ones were obtained, indicating the potentiality of the proposed method in gravity interpretations of sedimentary basins. The method was applied to the Bouguer anomaly from Recôncavo Basin, producing an estimated relief with a maximum depth of 6 km, a figure similar to the one obtained from seismic interpretations. The estimates of the surface density contrast and of the decaying factor of the density contrast with depth were -0.30 g/cm3 and 30 km, respectively, producing an estimate of 4% for the maximum sediment compaction.