Navegando por Assunto "Rheology"

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 10

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da velocidade crítica de escoamento e estudo reológico de polpas de caulim da bacia do rio capim em dutos circulares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) RUFINO, Romulo Lima; CRUZ, Daniel Onofre de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0536286226914691
The mineral industry represents a great economy state stimulator, and we can have as that industry highlights the kaolin beneficiation sector. The problem solutions related to that activity is a great opportunity to interact university and industry, besides that it’s a very fertile area to scientific development. A important point to be studied is the kaolin slurry flow inside pipelines and related equipments; problems as incrustation and pipeline pressure drop calculations weren’t still definitely resolved by the industry. In this context the present work consists in develop a methodology to calculate the flow parameters principally the necessary minimum velocity for the suspended particles do not deposit into the pipe. So the main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze, through the methodology implementation, the deposition velocity calculation during the slurry kaolin flow with different mass fraction (% in solid weight) into circular pipelines; from rheological studies done with samples taken from the beneficiation process; there by providing knowledge to the technicians and engineers that desire to design a slurry kaolin pump system; minimizing their problems with sub or super dimensioning, causing material deposition what represents production and environment hazardous whereas it will be necessary to open the pipeline to remove the material deposited due to the low flow velocity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aproveitamento sustentável dos resíduos de pescado para obtenção de revestimentos/filmes, aplicação na conservação pós-colheita de goiabas (psidium guajava l.), estudo da estabilidade e funcionalidade desses filmes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-01) PEREIRA, Glauce Vasconcelos da Silva; Calado, Verônica; LOURENÇO, Lúcia de Fátima Henriques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7365554949786769
In the present study, a coating based on myofibrillar proteins (PML), corn starch (AM), and gum arabic (GA) were used to verify the rheological behavior and its influence on the extension of the shelf life of 'cortibel' guavas. Subsequently, the effect of the mixture PML/glycerol 10% (Gly) – coating A, and PML/Gly/GA at concentrations of 30 and 40% (w/w) of Gly, called coatings B and C, respectively, was evaluated. in the quality of 'paloma' guava. For technological characterization, the functional properties and moisture sorption behavior of PML and Gly-based films were evaluated at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40%. After selecting the best behavior of the PML-based films, the interactions between PML and GA were analyzed in the different proportions (10.0:0.0; 9.5:0.5; 9.0:1.0; 8 .5:1.5; 8.0:2.0 and 7.5:2.5), called E1, E2, E3, E4, E5 and E6, respectively. Among the analyzed coatings (PM; AM; GA), AM had the highest viscosity (p ≤ 0.05), followed by PML and GA, characterizing very viscous, viscous, and very diluted dispersions, respectively. The loss of mass and firmness of fruits coated with PML and AM showed lower (p ≤ 0.05) percentages on the evaluated days. Coating C (1%PML/40%Gly/1%GA) delayed the ripening rate (p ≤ 0.05) of the coated fruits. In the sorption process, films obtained curves of type II (5% glycerol) and III (10 to 40% glycerol), in which high concentrations of Gly resulted in an increase in their water content and a decrease in hysteresis until their disappearance. The E4 blend film (8.5%PML/1.5%GA/40%Gly) showed greater compatibility and integration into the structure, with low permeability to water vapor, a property required for food packaging. It is concluded that the application of coatings had a positive contribution by delaying the maturation process and increasing the commercial life of 'cortibel' and 'paloma' guavas. Fish PML films with low glycerol addition can be industrially processed and used to protect food, as they showed low hygroscopicity. The incorporation of GA in the mixed films (PML/Gli/GA) had an important effect on the technological properties, due to the interaction with myofibrillar proteins and glycerol.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ativação alcalina para a produção de geopolímeros a partir de resíduo industrial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-02) BRITO, Woshington da Silva; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The sustainable construction of the future, and has low energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions must also adopt the principle of reuse of wastes impacting the environment generated by the productive chain. The aluminum production chain has as one of the leading waste impact on the environment the gray generation. The present study focused on the research and development of a cement-based material. Refers to an inorganic polymer, formed by the activation of amorphous aluminosilicates (Al2O3. SiO2), which react in a strongly alkaline medium, called geopolymer. As a raw material furnace fly ash, mineral residue from the combustion of the boilers of the company of the municipality of Barcarena-PA; As a source of aluminosilicate, and the kaolin that underwent the process of burning at 800 ºC that became metakaolin; And the alkaline medium of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), used as activators. As fly ash partially crystallizes during burning and loses some of its amorphous state, so are its reactive properties to chemically combine during the geopolymerization reaction are reduced. To increase reactive properties of fly ash and added metakaolin. As the main analyzes, no X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (FRX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS. Tests of resistance to compression of the traces in the hardened state were also carried out and the rheological test of the geopolymer was carried out at the start of the reaction in the fresh state. For Davidovits ratios in the range of 2.5 to 3.23, the best geopolymers with compressive strength were obtained reaching 25 MPa in 24 hours of cure. For 60 days of cure at room temperature the geopolymers reached a resistance of 45, 36 MPa. The research carried out through the characterization analysis of the samples and the mechanical and rheological tests were presented in a satisfactory way and demonstrated that the residues of fly ash and metakaolin, when activated with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide, are an alternative for the possible application of Geopolymer materials in construction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do comportamento reológica e mecânico de geopolímero sintetizado com reaproveitamento de resíduo
(Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais, 2018-10) BRITO, Woshington da Silva; BRUM, Sebastião Martins; SILVA, André Luis Mileo Ferraioli; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva
The sustainable construction of the future, besides low energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions must also adopt the principle of reusing wastes generated by the production chain that impact the environment. One of the most impacting wastes generated by the aluminum production chain is fly ash. Geopolymers are cementitious materials with a three-dimensional structure formed by chemical activation of aluminosilicates. According to studies some ashes have proven to be suitable sources of Al and Si for the geopolymerization reaction. One of the most important aspects in the commercializing these products is their behavior in a plastic state. The workability of fresh geopolymer paste can be measured using several common tests used for Portland cement concrete, such as flow and slump; however, a more in-depth characterization of their rheology is essential for understanding their basic setting mechanisms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the rheological behavior of the Davidovits (SiO2/Al2O3) geopolymer paste at 2.65; 3.04 and 4.11. The mechanical resistance to compression at 24 hours, 7 days and 28 days of geopolymer cure was also evaluated. The geopolymerization reaction was conducted at ambient temperature of 28°C and 15 Molar sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 10 Molar sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), were used as the activator. Fly ash and metakaolin were used as source of Al and Si was used. XRD, XRF, SEM techniques were used in the characterization of raw materials and geopolymers. The geopolymer with a lower Davidovits ratio of 2.65 presented better workability in its fresh state and higher mechanical strength at 40.80 MPa compression with 28 days cure at ambient temperature. The Herchel Bulkley rheological model was the one that was best adjusted to the geopolymers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da influência da granulometria no comportamento reológico de polpa de bauxita e no fator de atrito
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-09-14) BRUM, Sebastião Martins; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
This paper presents studies of the rheological characterization and determination of friction factors in three bauxite slurries originating in Miltonia Mine, Paragominas - Para, resulting from operating conditions with different degrees of grinding. Thus, the basic difference between them lies in the size distribution. The goal is to make a proposal to revise the specification of the product particle size (for the bauxite slurry pipeline), allowing a comparison with the slurries of the project (pilot plant) and the current operation (processing plant) and the response to changes, especially, viscosity and friction factors. The slurry proposal incorporates a higher percentage of fines (<10 microns) compared with other slurries. The benefits can earn recovery with the incorporation of this portion of fines, which currently is discarded to the tailings pond. The material was characterized by size analysis of the series Tyler, physical and physical-chemical, electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray spectrometry energy dispersive (EDS). Testes were conducted in coaxial cylinder viscometer, Searle type, in order to determine the rheological behavior of these slurries, depending on the size distribution and varying the concentration of solids. The rheological properties were measured viscosity, yield stress and also behaviors that show the dependence of viscosity with the time of application of a constant shear rate, verifying through the hysteresis curve, the presence or absence of thixotropy and reopexia. The experimental results showed that for the slurries tested, the particle size and solids concentration are important parameters in determining the viscosity. Tests with these three bauxite slurries of different sizes, were performed at predetermined concentrations, to determine the model whose rheological parameters showed the best correlation coefficients (R2), and the best fits were found using the Herschel-Bulkley model. The friction factors were obtained for formulations involving a logarithmic relationship, using the Law of the Wall as a method of obtaining these expressions apply to non-Newtonian viscoplastic fluid, and compared with those calculated by Dodge and Metzner correlation and found that in general there is agreement between the model studied in the three slurries. The factor analysis of friction in the concentration of 50% solids, which is the concentration of pumping by pipeline, shows that the behavior of the slurries studied is similar, with the best settings for the range from 10,000 to 100,000 Reynolds (average work range for the turbulent flow of the ore pulp, homogeneous and heterogeneous).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extração, estabilidade, reologia e higroscopicidade do corante de pitaya (Hylocereus costaricencis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-04) SOUSA, Erika Milene Pinto de; FARIA, Lênio José Guerreiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7428609361678173
With the advancement of new technologies the natural dyes market is expanding with the purpose to replace the artificial dyes, harmful to health. Natural dyes from fruit, give the product a more natural appearance, opposed what occur with synthetic tones. In this context, perform out extraction of dragon fruit dye contained in the fruit pulp, by immersion in distilled water, then makes up the physical and physico-chemical characterization of pulp, the study of the stability at light and temperature of concentration from betacyanin and dye color, quantifying the betacyanin content by UV spectrophotometry and color by colorimetric tristimulus using the CIE L * a * b *. Also evaluates up the rheological behavior of pulp pitaya diluted in distilled water at a ratio of 1: 1 by means of mathematical models with the support of ReoWin and Statistica 7.0 program. Finally, the study it’s made a hygroscopicity study obtained by freeze-drying at different concentrations maltodextrin, also analyzing the pure dye by verifying through of sorption curves optimal storage conditions for dragon fruit dye.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência da granulometria e de aditivos no comportamento reológico do rejeito de lavagem da bauxita
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-13) GONÇALVES, Silvane Gonçalves e; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871741271063047
In the bauxite mining in Parogominas-PA city, tailings are discarded in the processing with 33,5% of solids content and small granulometry with D50 below 5 μm. These factors contribute to this suspension basically formed by sílico aluminates, with high concentrations of kaolinite clay, have high viscosity and high initial tension flow. It was performed granulometric analysis and determined the chemical and mineralogical composition of the material. The granulometric analysis was made by wet sieving and the small particles were determined by laser diffraction. The determination of the chemical composition was made by Fluorescence Spectrometry X-ray, identifying considerable amounts of alumina available, 21,28%. The mineralogical composition was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), obtaining gibbsite, hematite, quartz and kaolinite. It was performed the determination of the friction factors pulp, using equation to fluids that have Herschel-Bulkley behavior and using the Dodge and Metzner correlations. It was used VT550 viscosimeter, with coaxial cylinder sensorSV1, to make defloculation and flocculation test using different rheological additives. The additives used were: sodium hexametaphosphate, hydroxamate, aluminum sulphate, sodium polyacrylate and 25% anionic polyacrylamide. The trials were realized in shear rate of 100 s-1, time 20s and temperature of 32ºC.It was performed also, analysis of viscosity of pulps with different pH and in samples less 38μm (400# Tyler), with the objective of evaluate how the particle size and pH influenced in the behavior of additives. The study showed that particle size and pH influence on the behavior of additives, because if the particle size is very small better is the behavior of the additive. The behaviors of the additives as flocculation or defloculation depend of the pH.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência da granulometria nas propriedades reológicas da polpa de bauxita pós beneficiamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-13) REIS, Izabela de Nazaré Souza da Fonseca; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871741271063047; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The knowledge of factors that influence the rheology of bauxite pulp is necessary and important for the quality control of the flow through the pipeline process.This work evaluated the effect of different granulometric fractions (-100#+150#; -150#+200#; -200#+270#; -270#+325# and -400#) on rheology of bauxite pulp that is carried through Mineração Paragominas S/A (MPSA) pipelines. Distinct fractions of bauxite obtained by wet screening were analyzed by an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) to determine the mineralogical composition of the samples. The results of those analysis revealed that each fraction has a similar composition (gibsite, kaolinite, hematite, goethit and anatase) though different proportion in the fractions. The studies of rheological parameters were developed by using Thermo Scientific HAAKE Viscotester 550 and the SV1 coaxial cylinder sensor at 30ºC. Bauxite pulps, with constant solids content and equal to 50 wt% were prepared in order to simulate the actual conditions of flow through the pipeline. Testing of apparent viscosity curves versus additive concentration were carried out using sodium polyacrylate at concentrations that ranged from 0 – 1 wt% in order to determine the optimal concentration of additive necessary to stabilize the bauxite pulp. From the results found of optimal concentration of sodium polyacrylate, the hysteresis tests were performed. It was found that the smaller the average particle diameter, the greater the amount of additive is necessary to stabilize the pulp and the addition of sodium polyacrylate in the finer fraction of bauxite caused the flocculation of system. In general, the rheological behavior of the bauxite pulps with their optimal concentrations of sodium polyacrylate was shown to be non-Newtonian and time dependent, with rheopetic behavior for fractions with granulometry between 127 and 48.5 micrometers and thixotropic behavior to fine fraction with average diameter smaller than 37 micrometers. The bauxite pulp formulated with the fine particle size and without addition of sodium polyacrylate showed rheopetic behavior. It was observed, for the dispersed bauxite pulps, that the decrease the average particle size influences the size of the hysteresis area formed, causing a decrease in rheopetic behavior.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência de aditivo polimérico no comportamento mecânico e reológico das argamassas produzidas com rejeitos industriais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-12) SILVA, André Luis Mileo Ferraioli; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871741271063047; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
Mortars are considered to be particulate systems in suspension with fine aggregate, binder, water and organic polymeric additive. Factors such as granulometry, cement, ash and additive contents in their composition influence mortar properties in both the fresh and hardened states. A rheological study and mechanical test were performed on mortar prepared for floors and coatings through incorporating civil construction wastes (RCC) such as fine aggregate and fly ash, a mineral waste derived from combustion in boilers at the HYDRO ALUNORTECompany. This study seeks to develop a polymeric mortar that uses CPII E-32RS Portland cement andflyashas binders and fine sand and RCC with polyvinyl acetate (PVA) as aggregates. A study was performed on the influence of cement, ash, granulometry of aggregates and use of PVA based-polymeric additives on mortar properties.The materials were submitted to physical and chemical characterization using granulometric analysis, X-ray fluorescence and FTIR. In preparing the specimens, 6 formulas with 5% cement and 3 formulas with 10% cement were used, both with different levels of ash, sand and RCC andmaintaining a constant level of Portland cement content. A comparison of the mechanical and rheological properties of formulas with and without PVA was also made.Formulas in a fresh state were submitted to rheological tests. After 28 days of curing specimens of these formulas, by then in a hardened state, were submitted to tests for mechanical resistance to compression, specific mass, apparent absorption and apparent porosity. The research demonstrated that employing a PVA-based polymeric additive improved the mechanical properties of the mortar prepared with industrial wastes, as well as guaranteeing satisfactory rheological behavior for possible applications of such mortars in civil construction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do teor de cinza volante na reologia de argamassa de assentamento: fabricado com reciclagem de resíduos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-05) CARDOSO, Dilson Nazareno Pereira; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871741271063047
The mortars may be considered as a set of solid suspended particles (aggregate), water and binders (cement slurry). Thus, rheological behavior during cure can be influenced by factors such as particle size, composition and content of corporate water. This study investigated the rheological properties of six mortars, depending on the content of fly ash as a pozzolanic activity material, partial replacement of cement. This type of cement used as an aggregate base construction of the residue (RCC) which was characterized by diffraction and fluorescence X- rays. Were formulated for the mortars with addition of rheological tests residue construction (RCC) in proportions of 95, 90, 85, 80, 75 and 70% fly ash (CV) 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % to 5 % of ordinary Portland Cement (PC - II and 32), and in each sample was incorporated 35 % water. We used the model VT 550 viscometer with sensor type coaxial cylinders SV1 - Haake temperature of 28 ºC. To evaluate the curing time of the material has scheduled a constant shear rate 53.4 s-1 for 1h and 45 min, with rated torque at intervals of 15min. For the development of flow curves and hysteresis curves, we used the shear rate between 0 and 600 s-1 in the time interval of 120 s. The results showed that the incorporation of fly ash is the main factor for increased torque on the curing time of mortar and behavior change reópetico for thixotropic, the traits analyzed. The experimental data of the proposed formulations are adjusted to the rheological model of Herschel - Bulkley.