Navegando por Assunto "Rio Arapiuns - PA"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Etnoconhecimento do peixe-boi amazônico (Trichechus inunguis): uso tradicional por ribeirinhos na Reserva Extrativista Tapajós Arapiuns e Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-16) AGUILAR, Carla Verônica Carrasco; GUIMARÃES, Diva Anelie de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2891287458034896
Hunting is practiced by rural Amazonian populations, as much for subsistence as for commercial purposes. By interacting directly with nature, Amazonians have some understanding of the environment, as well as the autochthonous species they hunt. The Amazon manatee (Trichechus inunguis) is an animal traditionally utilized by riverine people, despite being protected by law since 1967. The main objectives of this document was: 1 – to analyze the use of the Amazonian manatee in the Tapajós Arapiuns Extractive Reserve (RESEX T/A) and in the Tapajós National Forest (FLONA Tapajós), according to the traditional knowledge of riverine people; 2 - to characterize the level of social organization of the communities as a way of assessing the feasibility of establishing sustaintable alternatives of animal production. Two expeditions were undertaken to gather the required information from the margins of the Tapajós River (2002) and the Arapiuns River (2003) (Pará State, Brazil), on the borders of the aforementioned Protected Areas (PAs). Prepared questionnaires were given to 189 interviewees. The principal occupation of those interviewed was agriculture (n = 103 interviewees). According to the responses, one or two manatees, on average, are sighted during the flood season by each respondent, and in this same period the females are often seen with their young. The manatee is sighted as much in the Tapajós River (41.57%, n = 74) as in the lakes of the same region (47.19%, n = 84), while in the Arapiuns River communities, reports indicate a greater number of sightings in the river (56.56%, n = 56) than in the lakes (30.30%, n = 30). Forty nine respondents from the 2 study areas admitted that they have hunted manatees. In RESEX T/A, 46.34% (n = 19) of these respondents hunted only for subsistence, while in FLONA Tapajós 50% (n = 4) of hunting was reported to be for commerce and 37.5% (n = 3) for subsistence. It is important to note, however, that the number of respondents in FLONA Tapajós was too low to establish a clear pattern of utilization of the manatee in these communities. In both PAs, 92.59% (n = 175) of the hunters knew about the law prohibiting hunting of manatees, and in 46.33% (n = 101) of these cases, IBAMA was the primary information source. Regarding hunting equipment, the harpoon club is the most commonly used implements. Manatees are hunted primarily for food, with three types of meat being extracted from the animal. In traditional medicine, manatee fat is used primarily in cases of rheumatism (22.75%, n = 43). Together, the 2 PAs have approximately 26,000 inhabitants. Offering sustainable food, work and income alternatives could improve the difficult realities faced by these communities. Historically, there has been a struggle for land ownership and improved quality of life in the PAs. Accordingly, 86.77% of the RESEX and 68% of the FLONA communities belong to associations for community development. Both PAs have been involved with community projects, although limitations still exist in some communities, such as the lack of continuous technical assistance or a stronger involvement on the part of the communities. These factors represent an important limitation in implementing productive activities within the context of sustainable development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de recursos naturais por comunidades ribeirinhas amazônicas: bases para as políticas de concessões florestais
(2013-06) MELO JÚNIOR, Luiz Cláudio Moreira; TOURINHO, Manoel Malheiros; SAYAGO, Doris Aleida Villamizar; PALHA, Maria das Dores Correia
This article deals with the relations between agrarian communities, natural resources, local knowledge and practices around the areas destined to forest concession processes along Mamuru and Arapiuns rivers, state of Pará. For primary data collection, questionnaires were filled with the population of these localities. Maps of natural resource use were constructed for each community studied, from the multiple uses of resources by communities. As a main conclusion the study indicates that a major challenge is that the policies of forest concession consider the areas of the communities as spaces for reproduction of the community social systems as well as collective use of natural resources. Otherwise, may suffer a strong anthropogenic pressure due to the attractive possibilities of use of natural resources for commercial and industrial purposes.