Navegando por Assunto "Rodentia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de células-tronco adultas (CTA) em cultura de células de tecido epitelial de pequenos roedores (rodentia-stricognathi- sciurognathi)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-13) RISSINO, Jorge Dores; PIECZARKA, Julio Cesar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6644368250823351
The Adult Stem Cells (ASC) are non-specialized multipotent cells found in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, cornea, retina, brain, muscles, dental pulp, liver, pancreas, skin epithelium, digestive system, umbilical cord and placenta. These cells can indefinably reproduce and renew themselves and, under some stimulation, to change into specialized cells of different tissues or organs. The present work had the aim of obtaining ASC from epithelial tissues from wild rodents of different species (Oecomys concolor – one female, Proechimys roberti – two males, Hylaeamys megacephalus – two males). The methodology for isolation and in vitro culture of epithelial tissue following the previously described protocols, as well as the analysis after cryopreservation of morphology, genome stability, counting and cells viability, clonogenic potential and differentiation on osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. The ADC were characterized as a homogeneous population of in vitro growing cells adherent to plastic surfaces, which has a morphology similar to fibroblasts and with fusiform shape, with high growing rate and cell proliferation form many successive passages, where the clonogenic assays evaluated the cell renewing. On checking the genome stability on P3, the entire sample had stable karyotypes with the correct diploid number. The methodology for ASC differentiation into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes cell lines was satisfactory and the cells demonstrated the staining with Alizarin Red S, Alcian Blue and Oil Red O, respectively. The entire sample had capacity of proliferation and differentiation, being a potential source of skin ASC. These species can be used as models for ASC studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização cromossômica e mapeamento genômico comparativo de Oecomys paricola e Oecomys auyantepui com sondas de Hylaeamys megacephalus (Cricetidae – Sigmodontinae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-19) ROSA, Celina Coelho da; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093
The Order Rodentia represents the largest mammal order, with approximately 42% of species currently known. Rodents have 2,227 species, 468 genera and 33 families recent, the latter being raised to 50 if the extinct families are considered. Their huge variation in morphology, diversity of habitats and climates and food are the causes of this be most numerous and evolutionarily successful among mammalian orders. The Oecomys genus belongs to the subfamily Sigmodontinae (Cricetidae, Rodentia) with approximately 16 described species, distributed in tropical and subtropical forest of Central and South America. Previous cytogenetic studies suggest that Oecomys features large karyotype diversity, with the diploid number ranging from 58 to 86. In this study were analyzed by conventional cytogenetic techniques and multidirectional chromosome painting (using whole chromosome probes of Hylaeamys megacephalus) 18 specimens of Oecomys were analyzed, four were collected in the metropolitan area of Belém, Pará; two in the city of Santa Barbara, Pará; five in the region of Carajás, Pará and 7 in Calha Norte region, Pará. Specimes from Belém Environmental Park had 2n = 72 and FN = 76; specimes from Santa Barbara had 2n = 70 and FN = 74; from Carajás presented 2n = 70 and FN = 72. All this sample was identified as O. paricola. Specimens collected from the Calha Norte region had 2n = 62 and NF = 80 and were identified as O. auyantepui. The cytotypes described for O. paricola showed differences in five HME peaks, indicating 3 associations for this species. O. auyantepui showed five associations. Chromosomal differences found for O. paricola from different geographic regions suggest that these cytotypes belong to cryptic species. We suggest that these populations of O. paricola are a complex of species where the chromosomal differentiation already happened but not the morphological and molecular ones.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversidade morfológica e molecular do gênero Oecomys thomas, 1906 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) na Amazônia oriental brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FLORES, Tamara Almeida; SILVA JÚNIOR, José de Sousa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4998536658557008; ROSSI, Rogério Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0447251112059340
The arboreal rice rats, genus Oecomys, are distributed in tropical and subtropical areas from Central and South America, with 17 currently recognized species and another two species already described in earlier studies but still unnamed. Six of these species are expected to occur in eastern Brazilian Amazon. Because defining the species limits inside Oecomys based only on morphological characters is a complicated task, many nominal taxa have already been associated to the genus, and different taxonomic arrangements have been proposed by specialists. Despite of this taxonomic instability, there is only one taxonomic review for the genus carried out 50 years ago, in which only two polytypical species were recognized. However, several recent studies based on morphological, molecular and karyotypical data have been showing that the species diversity inside Oecomys is largely underestimated, resulting in recent descriptions of new taxa or revalidation of previously synonymized species. This work aimed to assess the species diversity inside this genus in the eastern Brazilian Amazon by investigating the molecular and morphological variation in regional specimens. We employed phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome-b in order to define clades that may represent species, and described the external and cranial morphology of these recognized species. As a result, we recognized 11 species in the eastern Amazonian forest in Brazil, of which five are already expected to occur in this area (Oecomys auyantepui, O. bicolor, O. paricola, O. rex, and O. rutilus), two are recorded for the first time in the biome Amazonia (Oecomys catherinae and O. cleberi), and the four are either new or not currently recognized species (i.e. synonyms), herein referred as Oecomys sp. A, Oecomys sp. B, Oecomys sp. C, and Oecomys sp. D. Moreover, we suggest that Oecomys bicolor is a species complex, based in the high nucleotide divergence we found (7.5 %), corroborating previous molecular studies. We observed sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variation on cranial morphometry in the species Oecomys paricola, and for comparison purposes we treated all other species herein studied as exhibiting this kind of dimorphism. We also suggest a phylogenetic hypothesis among the species of this genus based on 653 bp of cytochrome-b. This is the most comprehensive phylogeny for Oecomys published to date, due to the great number of species included in the analysis (11 of the 16 currently recognized species plus seven probably new species), and the wide-ranging geographic area included in our sample.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Edge effects and the impact of wildfires on populations of small non-volant mammals in the forest-savanna transition zone in Southern Amazonia
(2012) FREITAS, Tiago Magalhães da Silva; ALMEIDA, Vitor Hudson da Consolação; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis
The impact of fire and edge effects on the community of small non-volant mammals was investigated in transitional Amazon forest within a matrix of soybean plantations. The animals were live trapped on 24 line transects, of which 16 were distributed in unburned areas and 8 in a burned area. A total of 11 species was recorded, including six rodents and five marsupials. The abundance and richness of small mammals appeared to decrease in burned areas, although this impact appeared to mask edge effects. In the absence of fire impacts, a positive relationship was found between mammal abundance and the distance from the forest edge. The impact of the edge effect on the diversity of small mammals appears to be influenced by the type of anthropogenic matrix and the ecological characteristics of the different species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da monocultura de palma de dendê (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sobre a fauna de pequenos mamíferos não-voadores na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) LIMA, Renata Cecília Soares de; OLIVEIRA, Ana Cristina Mendes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1199691414821581
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos citogenéticos em roedores do gênero oecomys (rodentia: cricetidae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-29) ROSA, Celina Coelho da; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093
The rodents are one of the most diversified groups of living mammals and also have a large range of ecological adaptations. The rodents, because of yours population characteristics, developed as the most specious group of mammals in Neotropical forests and one of the most interesting for studies of genetic variation and evolution among vertebrates. The genus Oecomys (Sigmodontinae) comprises approximately 16 species that inhabit tropical and subtropical forests in Central and South America. Six of these species are expected to occur in eastern Brasilian Amazon. In literature, the genus Oecomys has a large karyotypic variation, where the diploid number ranges from 58 to 86. In this study specimens of Oecomys paricola Thomas, 1904 from Belém and Marajó Island, northern Brazil, were investigated using cytogenetic, molecular and morphological analyses. Three karyotypes were found, two from Belém (2n=68, FN=72 and 2n=70, FN=76) and a third from Marajó Island (2n=70, FN=72). No molecular or morphological differences were found between the individuals with differing cytotypes from Belém and Marajó Island. Specimens from the Belém City region may represent two cryptic species because two different karyotypes are present in the absence of significant differences in morphology and molecular characteristics. The Marajó Island and Belém populations represent distinct species that have been separated for some time, and are in the process of morphological and molecular differentiation as a consequence of reproductive isolation at the geographic and chromosomal levels.