Navegando por Assunto "Rubber"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Da seringa à farinhada: produção e modo de vida na Reserva Extrativista Riozinho da Liberdade, Vale do Juruá – Acre
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-27) SOUSA, Tatiane Silva; O’DWYER, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
This work has as its objective to observe the dynamics of social relations networks in order to verify how people and groups build strategies to ensure the reproduction of their social, cultural and economic practices in communities localized in Extractive Reserve (RESEX) Riozinho da Liberdade, Alto Juruá, Acre. For such, I use the concept of social networks as method strategy and techniques such as observant participation in the communities Morro da Pedra and periquito. Photos, interviews, genealogies and keeping a field notebook were also techniques used. I initially address the historical and social intricacies that culminated in the formation of the Vale do Juruá’s rubber tapper settlements in the Juruá Valley, Acre, based on a brief historical overview of events that range from the first rubber cycle with the establishment of the rubber plantation (1870-1912), until its collapse, when there was an end to protectionist rubber policies and the advance of the border in the Acre Amazon at the end of the 20th century, a moment in which the political and economic interests of the Brazilian State towards the Amazon changed, which started to encourage its colonization and finance infrastructure projects that have come to threaten the way of life of people from traditional communities, a situation that has led to a series of local conflicts in Acre. At this time, the rubber tappers' social movement emerged as a form of resistance, which was initially organized and represented by the Rural Workers' Union (STR). Union stations in rubber tapper settlements, as well as Rubber Tapper’s National Council (CNS) and local associations, were founded during this time, which came to enhance their struggle. The rubber tapper’s social movement established alliances with indigenous peoples, the environmental movement, international organisms and other institutions, pressuring the Brazilian State to recognize their social and territorial rights to put an end to the system of trading outposts managed by landlords (barracões) and to create the RESEXs. At RESEX Riozinho da Liberdade, created in 2005 after another decade of struggle, the end of the extractive activity as the main source of income brought with it a period of changes. The rubber tappers began to dedicate themselves to agriculture, cultivating mainly manioc flour. Families migrate from settlements in the interior of the forest (colocações) and gather on the banks of the Riozinho da Liberdade, where public institutions began to operate in the 1990s, influencing the formation of communities that exist today on the banks of the river. It is observed that between the period of colocações and now there are structural continuities in the way in which domestic groups build their exchange and kinship relationships. Until today relationships of asymmetric trading (aviamento) occurs, but the immobilization of labor as was previously the case in the rubber plantations no longer occurs. The creation of RESEX assured territorial rights, but not new sources of income based on extractivism, which has been worked on by new associations, albeit in an incipient form. Local networks based on kinship, reciprocity, supply and assistance are important to guarantee production, marketing, food and assistance in times of difficulty. In this way, guaranteeing security, social and economic stability to domestic groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Partindo mais ou menos pobre, voltando mais ou menos rico”: a emigração de aveirenses ao Pará (1882-1918)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-10) TAVARES, Anndrea Caroliny da Costa; CANCELA, Cristina Donza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8393402118322730
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Soldados da borracha” – esquecidos ou não lembrados?
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08) PEREIRA, Gilson Laone
This article proposes an interpretation on the way of life of the “soldiers of the rubber”, which were Brazilians who had acted in the Second World War. They were recruited by the Brazilian government, which is taking advantage of the problems faced by northeasterners; recruit thousands of them to go to the Amazon working on the extraction of latex, which would be exported to the United States to support the government and its allies in the war. With the entry of the Americans in the war, and with the taking of Malaysia by Japan, who was with the hegemony of the rubber during that period, Brazil was the only one able to provide this material. Within the performance Brazilian in Second War were on the scene over 70 thousand soldiers, about 25,000 members of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force and a little more than 55,000 soldiers who served in the extraction of latex. By means of material culture can identify information on the way of life for the soldiers of the rubber in the rubber plantations in the north of Brazil, It confirmed the intense adversity found.