Navegando por Assunto "Screening"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de métodos por CL-EM/Em e ocorrência de antimicrobianos em peixes de aquicultura
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-22) GUIDI, Letícia Rocha; GLÓRIA, Maria Beatriz de Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6895373188728113; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2311121099883170
The consumption of fish has increased in recent years in Brazil, especially due to the announcement that their intake can bring numerous health benefits and also due to its high nutritional value (high biological value protein, high content of omega-3 fatty acids). The quality, safety and security of farmed fish for human consumption are therefore a public health issue and must be monitored. In Brazil, there is a lack of information regarding the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture. Although only two antibiotics are allowed for use in aquaculture in Brazil, there is a wide variety of antibiotics that may be used illegally or can reach the fish due to environmental contaminations, mainly of water. The objective of this study was to develop multiresidue methods of analysis of antibiotics in fish muscle and to evaluate the quality of fish from Minas Gerais and Pará with respect to the presence of antibiotic residues. In addition, an extensive literature review was conducted with respect to existing methods of analysis and the occurrence of chloramphenicol (banned antibiotic) and amphenicols in food. A LC-MS/MS screening method was validated for the analysis of 40 antibiotics of six different classes (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in fish muscle. Only 15% of the samples (n=29) were positive for enrofloxacin. A quantitative LC-MS/MS method of analysis of quinolones and tetracyclines in fish muscle was also optimized and validated. The precision, in terms of the relative standard deviation, was under 20% for all of the compounds, and the recoveries were between 89.3% and 103.7%. CCα varied from 17.87 to 323.20 μg.kg-1 and CCβ varied from 20.75 to 346.40 μg.kg-1. In general, real samples showed good quality relative to the presence of antibiotic residues. All 29 positive samples for enrofloxacin contained levels below the Maximum Residue Limit allowed by Brazilian legislation (100 μg.kg-1).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Protocolo de rastreio e diagnóstico do Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-31) SOUZA, Larissa Mayane Reis Barros de; SOUZA, Ana Carolina Contente Braga de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0609863332556837
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with severe adverse perinatal outcomes and unfavorable short- and long-term health consequences for both mother and child. Due to the increasing prevalence of GDM worldwide, the impact and importance of this medical condition in prenatal care is growing. There is no consensus on the best forms of diagnosis for GDM, different criteria are adopted worldwide which currently often leads to a late diagnosis. The aim of this study is to develop an objective and didactic clinical protocol to help general practitioners and specialists on the diagnosis of GDM, in both primary and tertiary care. The study was carried out using the method of rapid literature review, which occurred through searches in the PUBMED and Scielo databases, with the terms "GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS CLASSIFICATION", "GESTATIONAL DIABETES DIAGNOSIS", "GESTATIONAL DIABETES RISK ALGORITHM", “ALGORITHM OF COMPLICATIONS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS” and its correlates in english. Repeated studies, case reports, letters to the editor, comments and studies not available in English or Portuguese were excluded. Observational, descriptive studies, literature reviews, meta-analyses and systematic reviews were included. 107 publications were carried out for this protocol, which resulted in 11 flowcharts, 9 figures and 4 tables, in addition to explanatory texts, presented in 8 topics: categorization of hyperglycemia in pregnancy (pre-gestational diabetes, overt diabetes and GDM), maternal physiology, risk factors in GDM, maternal and fetal complications, screening and diagnosis of GDM, investigation of diabetes mellitus in the puerperium and practical examples for diagnosis of GDM. This project resulted in the creation of a practical instrument, which allows medical professionals carry out the diagnosis between the different forms of hyperglycemia in pregnancy, better understanding of the pathophysiology, risk factors and maternal-fetal complications of GDM, and therefore, assist professionals in the screening and and diagnosis, in situations of total/ partial financial viability and/or technical availability, regarding both GDM and diabetes mellitus in the puerperium, in order to promote early therapeutic intervention when applicable.