Navegando por Assunto "Seguimento de regras"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de instruções preliminares sobre o seguimento de regras
(2012-09) TEIXEIRA JÚNIOR, Ronaldo Rodrigues; PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva
The present work had as objective to test the effects of different general instructions on rule following. Eighteen college students were exposed to a modified match-to-sample task and divided in three groups, which differed in the presentation of preliminary instructions (complete, without passages about materials or without passages about consequences). Subjects of each group were divided in two experimental conditions, in which accurate and inaccurate instructions were presented. Results showed that absence of sections about materials in the instructions complicates the learning task while absence of sections about consequences decreases the variety of responses. Notwithstanding, all subjects that performed the task correctly followed both accurate and inaccurate instructions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de instruções preliminares sobre o seguimento de regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-24) TEIXEIRA JÚNIOR, Ronaldo Rodrigues; PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9018003546303132
Studies about rules have shown that formal manipulations in sections of instructions may produce different effects on subject’s performance. However most of these studies have given more attention to investigate the effects of manipulations in sections of instructions that precisely describe a response to be emitted by the subject (specific instructions) than to investigate the effects of manipulations that are made in instructions that contain basic guidelines about the study (general instructions). Considering that sections of instructions that do not describe precisely a response to be emitted may also affect subject’s performance, this study aimed to manipulate different situations where general instructions are presented in order to evaluate whether these manipulations can affect the behavior of following other instructions presented subsequently. For this, three experiments were conducted with a total of 48 subjects who were exposed to a matching-to-sample procedure. The task was point to objects on a table, and the subject’s were divided into two experimental conditions – accurate or inaccurate, according to the kind of specific instruction that was received. In Experiment 1, was evaluated, through a subject as his own control design, the isolated effect of general and minimal instructions in performing experimental task and following specific instructions; in Experiment 2, was evaluated separately the effect of the manipulation in sections about material and consequences of general instructions in performing experimental task and following specific instructions; in Experiment 3, the Experiment 2 was replicated isolating even more the information provided to subjects in general instructions to verify if any of them was more important for the observed effects. The main results showed that: 1) the presentation of general instruction favored performing experimental task and following instructions, especially when subjects were given accurate instructions, 2) the presentation of section about materials in general instructions favored performing task and following instructions, while the presentation of section about consequences favored varied performing among subjects, 3) the presentation of both sentence about counter and sentence about money in section about consequences favored a varied performance among subjects; 4) the presentation of sentence about matching between the model and comparisons in section about materials most favored performing task and following instructions when associated with specific instructions that the sentence about dimensions of objects. It was concluded that sections of general instructions are as important to be investigated as specific instructions. New formal manipulations in sections of other instructions could contribute to methodological and conceptual refinement in the control by rules area.