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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise filogenética de Leptodeira Fitzinger, 1843 e taxonomia das espécies do clado do sul do complexo Leptodeira annulata/septentrionalis (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) COSTA, João Carlos Lopes; ZAHER, Hussam; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8833733577277501; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Leptodeira is a Neotropical genus of snakes with nine species, divided in four morphological groups: annulata with the species L. annulata (L. a. annulata, L. a. ashmeadi, L. a. cussiliris, L. a. pulchriceps, L. a. rhombifera), L. bakeri, L. maculata, L. frenata (L. f. frenata, L. f. malleisi, L. f. yucatanensis), L. uribei; septentrionalis with L. septentrionalis (L. s. septentrionalis, L. s. larcorum, L. s. ornata, L. s. polysticta), L. splendida (L. s. splendida, L. s. bressoni, L. s. ephippiata); nigrofasciata only with L. nigrofasciata; and the punctata group represented by L. punctata. In the last taxonomic review of the genus, many species were considered as subspecies, being characterized primarily based on pattern of color. However, recent molecular analyses did not corroborate the taxonomic arrangement previously proposed. The two species with larger geographic distribution and more number of subspecies, L. annulata and L. septentrionalis, did not have their monophyly validated. In the more recent phylogenetic proposal of Leptodeira, the monophyly of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex was obtained from molecular characters, being recovered two clades geographically distinct: a North clade, in the south of North America and north of Central America (L. s. polysticta ((L. rubricata - L. a. rhombifera) ((L. a. cussiliris - L. maculata) L. a. cussiliris))); and a South clade in south of Central America and entire South America ((L. s. ornata–L. a. annulata) (L. s. ornata (L. bakeri (L. a. ashmeadi–L. a. annulata)))). In this work I present a phylogenetic hypothesis for Leptodeira and I review taxonomically the clade South of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex, presenting a new taxonomic arrangement for the group. Thus, the present thesis is organized in: General Introduction, where were presented the information about taxonomy and systematics of Leptodeira, specially of the annulata/septentrionalis complex; Chapter 1 entitled “Phylogenetic analysis of Leptodeira (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)”, with the aim of proposing a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, based in molecular characters; and the Chapter 2 entitled “Taxonomy of the species of the South clade of the L. annulata/septentrionalis complex (Serpentes, Dipsadidae)”, which have the objective of characterize morphologically the clades obtained from the molecular analysis and of propose a new taxonomic arrangement for the group.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Composition and ecological patterns of snake assemblages in an Amazon-Cerrado Transition Zone in Brazil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06) PINHEIRO, Leandra de Paula Cardoso; ABE, Pedro Santos; BITAR, Youszef Oliveira da Cunha; CASTRO, Luiz Paulo Printes Albarelli de; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos SantosThe present study encompasses the species composition and ecological characteristics of the snake community in a Cerrado-Amazon transition zone in Midwest of Brazil (state of Mato Grosso). The data were collected during six excursions to the "Tanguro" (study area) by visual encounter survey, pitfall traps with drift fences and non-systematic sampling. We collected 194 specimens, distributed in 34 species, 26 genera, and eight families. The most abundant species were Crotalus durissus Linnaeus, 1758 (n = 50), Philodryas olfersii (Lichtenstein, 1823) (n = 15), Philodryas nattereri Steindachner, 1870 (n = 13), Xenodon rabdocephalus (Wied, 1824) (n = 12), Lachesis muta (Linnaeus, 1766) (n = 10) and Erythrolamprus almadensis (Wagler, 1824) (n = 10). The composition of species found here represents a combination of Cerrado and Amazonian savanna fauna.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Determinação de hemogregarina em Boa constrictor constrictor mantidos em cativeiro(2012-08) LUZ, Monique Araújo; MENESES, Andre Marcelo Conceição; MORAES, Carla Cristina Guimarães de; SEIXAS, Larissa dos Santos; LIMA, Dennis José da Silva; RUFFEIL, Luis Augusto Araújo dos Santos; CASTRO, Paulo Henrique Gomes de; COSTA, Antonio M.We aimed to determine hemogregarines presence in snakes of the Boidae family kept in captivity in Pará (PA), Brazil, and to relate it with sex, clinical and hematological and ectoparasitism. This study had authorization from Sisbio/IBAMA to be done. Nineteen Boa constrictor snakes were used, belonging to the "Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi" (Belém/ PA) and "Xerimbabo Farm" (Santo Antônio do Tauá/PA). Blood smears were examined with 400x magnification, while the parasitemia percentage was determined by counting 550 red blood cells with 1000x magnification. From the snakes studied (n=19), nine were parasitized (47.36%) and there was no correlation between hemogregarines presence, sex, clinical and hematological changes. Hemoparasitosis correlation was detected only with the ectoparasites presence; however further studies are needed to determine the real hemogregarines prevalence in snakes kept in captivity in Pará, since there is a huge gap of data in the veterinary specialized literature about the fauna of the Amazon region.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Diversidade beta entre taxocenoses de serpentes na margem direita do rio Amazonas, enfocando a história natural das serpentes do Parque Nacional (PARNA) da Amazônia, Pará, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) FROTA, Jossehan Galúcio da; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ecomorfologia de três espécies de Dipsas Laurenti, 1768 e Sibynomorphus Fitzinger, 1843 (Dipsadidae: Dipsadinae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) SANTOS, Marina Meireles dos; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Ecological factors such as the use of the environment and feeding habits may influence the body and cephalic morphology of an organism, however, this can also reflect the phylogenetic lineage. The subfamily Dipsadinae includes South American snakes formed by two clades, one including Geophis and Atractus and another including Dipsas, Ninia, Sibon and Sibynomorphus, which are the tribe Dipsadini. The snakes of this tribe show a high degree of modification in their body and cephalic morphology wich is related to the environment and malacophagous feeding habits. The species of Dipsas and Sibon have specializations related to the use of arboreal environment, offering a better performance in locomotion in the vegetation, while the Sibynomorphus species are mostly adapted to terrestrial environment. Regarding their feeding habits they posses, in varying degrees, a number of changes related to cranial modification and to manipulation and ingestion of gastropods such as slugs and snails. Whereas there is a direct relationship between the shape of the head and the diet, this study aims to analyze the divergences of cephalic morphology between species of diet related to Dipsas and Sibynomorphus, as well as analyze possible convergences between species of these genera and Tomodon dorsatus, species of the tribe Tachymenini, recognized as specialized in slugs. This study is structured in two parts: the first refers to the general introduction, where a broad approach on the morphological adaptations related to feeding habits of Dipsadini, as well as the advantages of the use of geometric morphometry technique in morphological studies; and the second part refers to the work itself, titled "Ecomorphology of three species of Dipsas Laurenti, 1768 and Sibynomorphus Fitzinger, 1843 (Dipsadidae: Dipsadinae)".Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estruturação morfológica e gênica das populações de Corallus hortulanus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes, Boidae) ao sul da bacia Amazônica, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) DUARTE, Mel de Oliveira; GRAZZIOTIN, Felipe Gobbi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7181242437810644; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Corallus hortulanus is a species known to exhibit great variation in color pattern, as well as presenting the greatest geographical and ecological distribution among Neotropical snakes. The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of morphological variation in color and design, verify that these patterns are related to the presence of Amazonian rivers, verify the degree of genetic structure among populations of C. hortulanus throughout its distribution and verify that the major south interfluves of the Amazon basin represent genetically structured populations. For morphologic data were analyzed the color pattern of 125 specimens and for molecular data were generated 103 sequences of COI and 38 of CITB. Six morphotypes were described for populations from south of the Amazon River. It was observed that the rivers of south of the Amazon River showed a mixed pattern, which Tocantins, Xingu and Madeira rivers did not influence the genetic structure, while Purus and Tapajós rivers acted as a geographical barrier for populations of C. hortulanus, and only in one case the genetic structure was found in all analyzes (Purus).Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Revisão taxonômica do complexo Micrurus spixii Wagler, 1824 (Serpentes, Elapidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-31) NASCIMENTO, Lywouty Reymond de Souza; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Variação morfológica de Imantodes cenchoa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) na América do Sul, com a descrição de duas novas espécies(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) MISSASSI, Alexandre Felipe Raimundo; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328Imantodes comprises a group of primarily arboreal snakes, with large Neotropical distribution, clustering seven species currently recognized, with great color variation. Imantodes cenchoa presents has the highest distribution (southern Mexico to northern Argentina). The need for studies on the morphological variation of I. cenchoa in South America has been attributed by some authors, who suggested the probable existence of more than one taxon distinguishable. Studies based on molecular data showed conflicting results regarding the genetic diversity of I. cenchoa. Assuming that genetic differentiation may reflect the morphological variation, the proposition barriers preventing gene flow I. cenchoa can be tested through a careful study of morphological variation in South American populations, addressing and verifying the population patterns and the structure of these patterns. Therefore, this study was organized into three sections: General Introduction, Chapters 1 and 2 In the General. General introduction presents information on chromatic polymorphism in the Imantodini and a brief taxonomic history from the Imantodes cenchoa. In Chapter 1 we discuss the external and internal morphological variation in populations of I. cenchoa (folidose, linear and geometric morphometry, coloration, pattern of saddles and hemipenes), within and between different vegetation types in Brazil, comparing it to the other populations of America South and describe a new species of the Atlantic Forest. In Chapter 2, after the comparative analysis of the material Imantodes South America cis-and trans-Andean, we describe a new species of Imantodes for the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia.