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Evolução petroquímico-metalogenética das rochas e mineralizações associadas à suite Vila Nova na Serra do Ipitinga (NW do Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1997-05-08) FARACO, Maria Telma Lins; MCREATH, Ian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5299851252167587
The Vila Nova Metamorphic Suite in the 'pitinga Hills (NW Pará) consists of a supracrustal sequence of mafic and ultramafic metavolcanics, cordierite-antophyllite - and quartz-chlorite-bearing rocks underlying chemical (oxide and silicate-type BIFs) and clastic metasediments. Part of the basic lavas was hydrothermally altered under greenschist facies conditions, similar to mid-ocean-ridge axis hydrothermal systems, creating quartz-chiorite-bearing rocks (which occur as large clots within the metavolcanic sequence) and hydrothermal syndepositional exhalative volcanogenic sulphide deposits, formed by pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite with associated Au and Ag and traces of galena, molybdenite and silver telluride. The temperature range of generation of these host rocks, dalculated from AI-saturated chlorite, is 273°C to 320°C, with an average value of 308°C. Afterwards, metamorphism under amphibolite facies transformed the basic volcanics to amphibolites, and part of the quartz-chlorite to cordierite-antophyllite rocks. Geothermometric calculations using the cordierite-antophyllite pair, point to 547°C for the generation of these rocks. Present-day mineralogical associations of BIFs and clastic metasediments were formed during that metamorphism. All the metavolcano-sedimentary sequence was deformed by brittle-ductile shearing and transformed in present-day NW-SE trending shear belts with subvertical-NE dip. The deformational shearing episode yielded mylonites, polymetamorphic and hidrothermalized rocks, showing retrogressive metamorphic paragenesis. There was also hydrothermal alteration produced by granitic fluids. Gold is present in three typologies: associated to volcanogenic sulphides, sheared Iodes, and supergene altered rocks. Platinum anomalies were registered in many hydrothermalized rocks, but not in association with sulphide mineralization. Four hydrothermal events were identified. Fluid inclusion studies indicated tweive types of inclusions which pointed to finco fluid systems, one consisting of a CH4-rich aqueous-carbonic phase and the other of an aqueous phase with sahnites ranging from 40% CaCl2 equivalent to near pure water. The first is related to sulphide-bearing rocks and the second to the shearing episode. The homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the sulphide mineralization's host-rocks, point to 250°C-450°C to the origin of these rocks. The CH4-isochores and the temperature range of generation of the host-rocks, provide a pressure range of 0,7 kb to 2,3 kb for the mineralization. The protoliths of mafic metavolcanics are subaikaline tholeiitic basalts. Komatiitic basalts were also characterized, suggesting the presence of a komatiitic affinity to the magmatism. The lithochemical study revealed a volcanic environment similar to back-arc basins to the Vila Nova Suite. The Nd isotopic study yielded model ages between 2.26 Ga and 2.19 Ga for Vila Nova metavolcanics, while the BIF's REE patterns are equivalent to many Paleoproterozoic banded iron-formation of the world. This is in agreement with the 2.11 Ga (Sm/Nd) and 2.25 Ga (U/Pb) ages from French Guyana and Guyana's rocks, correlatives to Vila Nova Suite. The petrological, lithochemical, metallogenetic and isotopic data from the Vila Nova metamorphic suite account also for its correlation with the paleoproterozoic birimian metavolcano-sedimentary belts of the West African craton.