Navegando por Assunto "Sistema agroflorestal"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de sistema silvipastoril através do desempenho produtivo de búfalos manejados nas condições climáticas de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-06-03) CASTRO, Anderson Corrêa; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
A development was lead to study the relations between productive, physiological variable and of animal comfort of buffalos and factors of the physical environment, in silvipastoril system, involving african mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) and indian nim (Azadirachta indica) and intensive rotation grazing of Cynodon nlemfuensis, in the period of may of 2003 the november of 2004, in the Unit of Animal Research "Senator Alvaro Adolpho", Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Belem, Para state, in the climatic type Afi, with the rainier of december to may and less rainy time, of june to november. The area of experimental pasture, 5,4 ha, is divided in six plots, with animal permanence of five days and 25 days of rest. Had been used 26 buffaloes Murrah race, no castrated, with age between 231 and 303 days. Descriptive analysis of the experimental data was effected, for attainment of averages, shunting line standard, minimum and maximum values, correlations and variances, considering weight gain, availability and chemical composition of the pasture, physiological variable of the animals, climatic variable, development of the forest essences, Comfortal Index (CI) and Temperature – humidity Index (THI). Excellent performance of the experimental animals was observed, with 0.911 average gain of kg/day and 510 kg of final alive weight. In the periods more and less rainy, the availability, the crude protein levels of stem, leaf and entire plant and the digestibility "in vitro" of the dry and the organic matter of the pasture had been satisfactory, taking care of the minimum necessities for maintenance and detached productive performance. Occurred interferences of the meteorological variable in the cardiac beatings, respiratory frequency, rectal temperature and ruminal movement of the animals. The CI exceeded the critical level, mainly in the period less rainy, as well as the THI levels had been raised, supplanting considered of emergency, indicating the necessity of practical of manipulation of the physical environment to raise the animal performance. The development of the forest essences already supplies better ambience to the animals, in function of the shade, which contributes for the reduction of thermal stress and promotes better performance productive of the buffalos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Carcass quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) finished in silvopastoral system in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil
(2012-08) PEIXOTO, Maria Regina Sarkis; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; FATURI, Cristian; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto; NAHÚM, Benjamim de Souza; LOURENÇO, Lúcia de Fátima Henriques; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; OLIVEIRA, Kelly Cavalcanti Conor de
The influence of the diet on the quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) carcasses of crossbred Murrah and Mediterranean, concentrate fed on traditional (corn/soybean) or on agro-industrial residues (palm oil and coconut cakes) was studied. The animals were sacrificed in a slaughterhouse, and physical and physical-chemical analyses in the carcasses were carried out after 24 hours, and instrumental color and texture analyses of the Longissimus dorsi were carried out 48 hours after cooling. The animals supplemented with palm oil cake had better carcass conformation and fat trim, and differences (P<0.05) in the percentage of fat in the carcass fat thickness and coverage were observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação temporal do efluxo de dióxido de carbono CO² do solo em sistemas agroflorestais com palma de óleo (Elaeis guineensis) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-20) SILVA, Carolina Melo da; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0719395243841543
The Amazon region has been subjected to continuous deforestation and expansion of land use for the implementation of activities such as cattle ranching, logging, agriculture, mining and urbanization. The burning and decomposition of forest biomass releases gases that contribute to global warming, such as carbon dioxide (CO2). In this context, there is interest in assessing the dynamics of soil CO2 efflux in the Amazon, especially in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) agroforestry systems, due to the current large expansion of this crop in the state of Pará, which has become one of the largest producers of the country. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of soil CO2 efflux in palm oil cultivation in agroforestry systems in the Amazon considering temporal and biotic and abiotic factors that directly influence this process. We quantified biotic factors: microbial biomass, total soil carbon, soil basal respiration, fine root and soil zone of influence of planted species, and abiotic factors: moisture and soil temperature, in two oil palm-based agroforestry systems (adubadeiras and biodiverso systems), during the dry and rainy periods. The results showed that the highest soil CO2 efflux occurred during the rainy season, probably due to increased microbial activity during this period influenced by climatic factors coupled with biotic factors. The biodiverso system showed higher soil efflux than the fertilizer adubadeiras system, probably due to increase biological activity in former system. The soil CO2 efflux showed no strong correlation with the tested variables. It was concluded that the soil CO2 efflux was influenced by rainfall seasonality only. The fact that the systems were be too young (~3 yr-old) may represent the main factor for a lack of stronger relationship of soil CO2 efflux and the variables analyzed.