Navegando por Assunto "Smart grid"

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do impacto econômico da conexão de veículos elétricos e da geração eólica em redes inteligentes de energia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-26) VIEGAS, Marcel Augusto Alvarenga; NUNES, Marcus Vinicius Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9533143193581447; AFFONSO, Carolina de Mattos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2228901515752720
This master dissertation presents a power management tool of a power system operating in a Smart Grid that contains Electric Vehicles inserted as loads and Wind Power Generation. The optimization technique used was Simulated Annealing, in order to minimize the total energy cost of the network being studied. Three charging strategies were adopted: Peak Charging, Off-peak Charging and Smart Charging besides Demand Side Management techniques. In addition to the charging process will also be studied the Discharging of the battery electric vehicles, preferably at the peak of the load curve, as well as the possibility of supplying grid power through the wind farm to supply both loads in the topology of the system as for the loads of electric vehicles inserted through the creation of a charging/ discharging station. The system used is the IEEE - 39 bus New England power system. The results proved the effectiveness of the proposed method and the importance of considering besides distribution as well as generation and transmission in studies of planning, expansion, and operation of Smart Grids that contain Electric Vehicles and Wind Power Generation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Classification and characterization methods of non-tchnical losses on smart grid scenarios
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-28) BASTOS, Lucas de Lima; ROSÁRIO, Denis Lima do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8273198217435163; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-2450; CERQUEIRA, Eduardo Coelho; ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1028151705135221
Nowadays, grid resilience as a feature has become non-negotiable, significantly when power interruptions can impact the economy and society. Smart Grids (SGs) widespread popularity enables an immense amount of fine-grained e lectricity consumption data to be collected. However, risks can still exist in the Smart Grid (SG), since SG systems exchange valuable data, the distribution system loses substantial electrical energy. We divide this loss into two categories: technical and non-technical loss. A substantial amount of electrical energy is lost throughout the distribution system, and these losses are divided into two types: technical and non-technical. Non-technical losses (NTL) are any electrical energy consumed that is not invoiced. They may occur due to illegal connections, fraudulent activities, issues with energy meters such as delay in the installation or reading errors, contaminated, defective, or non-adapted measuring equipment, very low valid consumption estimates, faulty connections, and disregarded customers. Non-technical losses are the primary cause of revenue loss in the SG. Annually, electrical utilities incur billions in losses due to non-technical reasons. This thesis presents two detection methods of NTL: classification a nd c haracterization. We c reate a n ensemble predictor-based time series classifier t o c lassify N TL d etection. T his p redictor u ses the user’s energy consumption as a data input for classification, f rom s plitting t he d ata to executing the classifier. A lso, i t a ssumes t he t emporal a spects o f e nergy consumption data during the pre-processing, training, testing, and validation stages. The classification method has the advantage of classifying heterogeneous features in data. The characterization method proposes a study based on Information Theory Quantifiers (ITQ) to mitigate this challenge. First, we use a sliding window to convert the user’s energy consumption time series into a Bandt-Pompe (BP) probability distribution function. Then, we extract the used ITQ. Finally, we apply each metric to the Probability Density Function (PDF) and map the layers to characterize their behavior. The characterization method is advantageous to be used when we have big data. Overall, our best results have been recorded in the fraud detection-based time series classifiers (TSC) model, improving the empirical performance metrics by 10% or more over the other developed models. Our results show that users with normal and abnormal energy consumption can be distinguished using only Information Theory Quantifiers by considering the range of values for each metric.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Clustering-driven equipment deployment planner and analyzer for wireless non-mobile networks applied to smart grid scenarios
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-16) VRBSKÝ, Ladislav; SILVA, Marcelino Silva da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7080513172499497
The modern power grids, known as smart grids, rely on various advancements, one of them being the introduction of bi-directional communication. In some cases, data exchanged in the network is of critical importance. The data transmissions need to meet speci c delay limits set by the regulatory agencies in order for the smart grid to function properly. Meeting these standards allows the use of new applications of monitoring, control and system protection, resulting in a more e cient, stable and environment-friendly system. This thesis presents a methodology for analysis and planning of wireless communication networks for smart grid, which uses a clustering algorithm to determine the optimal positions of the routers and gateways of the network to be installed. After, it calculates the delay for each Intelligent Eletronic Device that is a network subscriber. This way, an analysis can be made to obtain the Quality of Service requested for a speci c network setup in a speci c scenario. The results obtained in the performed case study show that it is possible to achieve a network topology that satis es the maximum delay requirements of 100% of its subscribers, using WiMAX or a combination of Wi-Fi and WiMAX. Also, the thesis explores a restricted communication mode that can temporarily suspend the transferences of non-critical data. In most scenario con gurations, the restricted mode delivers all the data within the maximum delay. The software implementation of the proposed model is made publicly available under open-source license, so that anyone, including researchers, or private and public companies, can take advantage of it. The model presented in this thesis is customizable, allowing the use of other technologies and be used with other networks, including scenarios that are not related to smart grid.
Desconhecido
Custo total de propriedade para infraestruturas de comunicações 5G para smart grid
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01-24) MELO, Paulo Tássio da Luz; SILVA, Marcelino Silva da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7080513172499497
Smart Grid communications networks are considerably different from the traditional communica-tion systems used to access the Internet when considering users, applications, Quality of service and, especially, the impacts/losses due to malfunctions. Such data networks are generally owned and used exclusively by electrical system operators and require a high financial investment. There fore, this paper presents an economic analysis to compare different possibilities of data network deployment for the Smart Grid. The results showed that for the proposed scenario, 5G compared toother technologies, obtained the best evaluation for the implementation of the communication of a network of data applied to the Smart Grid, since the data of Quality of Service and the results obtained in the Total Cost of Property, showed that in the medium and long term the 5 Ghas its lower cost when faced with expenditures of other communication technologies, presenting 100% and 99.02% of IEDs with Quality of Service for uplink and downlink maximum, and the average IEDs served, is 100% for uplink and 99.4% for downlink in NORMAL and STRIP mode, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégias de planejamento de Smart Grids: uma abordagem baseada em meta-heurísticas e simulação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-15) SANTOS, Ederson Costa dos; CARDOSO, Diego Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0507944343674734
Currently, the Electric Power System undergoes major modifications, which focus on various levels and sub-levels of the generation, transmission and distribution subsystems, all of which are based on Smart Grids logic. This concept is characterized by the inclusion of new digital technologies in the electrical system, with the purpose of bringing security, speed, monitoring, among many other benefits. For the full development of Smart Grids, a lot still needs to be done in several areas of research. In this line, this work presents simulations of a Smart Grid planning model, characterizing it from protocols, which are trends for this type of network. For this, we also analyzed an optimization method, which uses intelligent algorithms to optimize devices in a Smart Grid. The proposed solution is based on the optimized allocation of equipment in acommunication network, which uses as its physical transmission medium its own electrical wiring, Power Line Communitation technology. In this network are inserted Smart Grid applications defined through IEC 61850. Thus, with this proposed model, simulations were performed in the Network Simulator-3 discrete event software. The results show a significant decrease in the quantity of equipment, maintaining the quality levels to the applications.
Desconhecido
Estratégias de planejamento para otimização do consumo residencial de energia elétrica: uma abordagem baseada em smart home e sistemas fuzzy
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-04) ANDRADE, Sérgio Henrique Monte Santo; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
Residential energy consumption has grown steadily over the last decades, becoming a problem for companies in the electricity sector, for consumers and for the environment. The traditional measurement systems are not sufficient and have limitations in providing adequate real-time information about consumption. As also, they are not prepared to deal with variable energy costs in the context of a market with dynamic prices that depend on the energy mix. The future of electric grid, called Smart Grid, will not only be designed with measurements based on the residences, but also on the individualized equipment consumption level. From the residential side, consumers generally suffer from a lack of information on the specific equipment energy consumption impact and, consequently, on the required behavior to reduce its consumption. In this context, this work aims on a smartphone monitoring system concept, to control energy using fuzzy logic, in order to provide to the user ways to maintain his energy consumption, through consumption profiles, within the user-defined consumption patterns. The energy reduction demand through the consumption profiles working with habitant dependence degree on the electrical equipment present in the residence, promote a smaller impact on inhabitant well-being and the daily life.
Desconhecido
Smartcom: uma arquitetura inteligente de gerenciamento de consumo de energia para smart home
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-25) OLIVEIRA, Edvar da Luz; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
With advances in information technology for a variety of areas, such as health and wellness, Smart Home based solutions using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are gaining in popularity, including energy-saving alternatives based on Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS). This thesis defines an innovative architecture, called SmartCoM, which is implemented to monitor and manage residences using IoT technologies. Such a strategy involves defining the parameters that can affect the interoperability between measurement, management and the layers of data communication, which are the resources necessary for the hardware devices to perform the intended monitoring and measurement. In addition, an interface is defined by a middleware layer to integrate the management of external installations and the visualization of data through cloud services. The SmartCoM architecture is defined end-to-end in detail from the consumer's point of view and optimization strategies are employed for both the end customer and the utility. In order to evaluate the proposed architecture, a case study was elaborated, from which the viability of developing solutions for Smart Home according to the requirements described in SmartCoM is observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Utilização de um sistema de armazenamento térmico para aplicação de gerenciamento pelo lado da demanda em uma rede de distribuição universitária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-16) SOUZA, Zaire de Assis Ferreira; AFFONSO, Carolina de Mattos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2228901515752720
The present dissertation proposes the optimal management of the refrigeration demand of a university distribution network to promote greater economy and energy efficiency using the thermal inertia of air-conditioned classrooms as storage element of thermal energy and photovoltaic generation. The proposed method considers the hourly variation of the ambient temperature influencing the variation of the internal temperature of the classrooms and the consumption of energy throughout the day, knowing that the consumer unit is charged in the green model. The analysis of the loads of the consumer unit leads to the conclusion that most of the energy consumed is destined to some kind of refrigeration load, especially to ambient air conditioners, thus, to consider the management of this type of loads in the context of intelligent networks is a coherent way of positively impacting on increasing energy efficiency. Demand side management is based on Genetic Algorithm and the results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in balancing the energy management and promoting a considerable increase in the economy with the energy expenses.