Navegando por Assunto "Soil moisture"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Frações de fósforo e simbiose micorrízica em floresta secundária em resposta a disponibilidade de água e nutrientes na Amazônia oriental
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2015-09) MAIA, Rodrigo da Silva; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; CARVALHO, Claúdio José Reis de
The availability of soil nutrients (especially phosphorus) and soil water strongly influence mycorrhizal symbiosis in forest ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of litter removal and increased soil moisture availability on the spore density and mycorrhizal colonization of apogeotropic and non-apogeotropic roots of a secondary forest stand in eastern Amazonia. We determined the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization of apogeotropic and non-apogeotropic (0-10 cm soil depth) fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm), spore density, glomalin concentration, and soil phosphorus availability. Litter removal did not reduce soil phosphorus availability. The spore density was not affected by litter removal. In general, the variables varied on a seasonal basis, except the mycorrizal colonization of non-apogetropic roots and glomalin concentration, but were not affected by irrigation. Mechanical damage to the apogeotropic root system, inherent to the fortnightly litter removal, may have contributed to decrease mycorrhizal colonization of both apogeotropic and non-apogeotropic roots and, consequently, soil glomalin. Our results suggest that the reduction of soil cover may have negative impact over the fungus-plant symbiosis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação temporal do efluxo de CO2do solo em sistemas agroflorestais com palma de óleo na Amazônia Oriental
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2016-03) SILVA, Carolina Melo da; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, Moisés Cordeiro Mourão de; KATO, Osvaldo Ryohei; SILVA JUNIOR, Alberto Cruz da; CASTELLANI, Débora Cristina
The soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux dynamics and its controlling factors of Amazonian agroforestry systems are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal variation of soil CO2 efflux in oil palm-based agroforestry systems and the relation between efflux and biotic (microbial and total soil carbon, microbial respiration, fine roots, individual components of agroforestry systems (AFS)) and abiotic factors (soil moisture and temperature). The measurements were taken during the less rainy (December 2010) and rainy (May 2011) periods. The soil CO2 efflux was highest during the rainy season, probably due to increased microbial activity influenced by climatic factors coupled with biotic factors. The soil CO2 efflux correlated positively with soil moisture and microbial biomass carbon and negatively with soil temperature and metabolic quotient, but these correlations were weak. The soil CO2 efflux was sensitive to the type of agroforestry system and to rainfall seasonality.