Navegando por Assunto "Soldagem"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise microestrutural e de propriedades mecânicas de revestimentos soldados por SAW e GMAW-CW
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01) CARVALHO, Márcio Corrêa; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; BRAGA, Eduardo de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4783553888547500
Welded deposited overlays have been widely used in various areas of the mining industry reltaed to wear. The welding processes as Metal Inert/Active Gas (MIG/MAG) or Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding with Cold Wire (GMAW-CW) and Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) have been studied focusing on the application of wear resistant overlay's. The use of processes with high productivity and exibility that allow changes in chemical composition as SAW is viable, and promising in the case of GMAW-CW. The present study investigated the microstructure and mechanical properties of wear resistant overlays obtained by the SAW and GMAW-CW processes on primary chromium carbides overlay's (CCO's) and ferritic second phase overlays (Fe-SF). Conventional techniques of structural characterization as optical microscopy and optical emisson spectroscopy (OES) and advanced as X ray di raction (XRD) and electron backscatter di raction (EBSD), identied the main phase and defect formation mechanisms in these overlays. Characterization techniques of mechanical property such as microhardness and unconventional as the compact impact abrasion test (CIAT), were also presented as important tools, in the study of welded deposited wear resistant overlays. The Fe-SF and CCO showed an increase in mass loss over time CIAT testing. The CCO had the lowest mass loss rate, 48.1 % less than the Fe-SF higher cold wire rate (rAF) and 61.4 % less than the Fe-SF lower rAF. The mass loss rate raised as rAF increased. The mass loss rate for Fe-SF lower rAF is 34.6 % higher than the largest rAF Fe-SF. The mass loss rate compared to rAF, behaved in an inverse manner with respect to hardness, i.e. the higher the hardness the lower mass loss rate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do comprimento de reversão e do ângulo de ataque sobre a estrutura de solidificação do cordão em soldagem MIG/MAG com "Switch Back"
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06) ALMEIDA, Hélio Antônio Lameira de; MOTA, Carlos Alberto Mendes da; SCOTTI, Américo
The welding technique denominated switch-back technique consists in a torch oscillation in the welding direction rather than transversally. However, there is not much information in literature about the solidification structure of the bead when this technique is applied. Therefore, in this work is presented a study on the effect of the torch leading angle and of the reversion course length over the bead solidification structure. Welds were carried out with Pulsed MIG/MAG Process on plain carbon steel plates. The results showed that the parameters under analysis modify the solidification mode of the bead. In general, when the angle of torch leads to pushing-pulling movement, equiaxial grains near the fusion line is favored. In relation to the course length, its increase leads to finer solidification structure.
Desconhecido
Estudo da técnica de enchimento de chanfro do aço naval pelo processo GMAW-CW
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) BARBOZA FILHO, Lúcio da Silva; BRAGA, Eduardo de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4783553888547500
In this work studied the operational viability and the characteristics economic and geometric of technique of the process welding GMAW -CW (additional alimentation of a cold wire) in comparison Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). The alimentation system of cold wire was designed and adapted to welding gun GMAW. Used an electronic source of multiple processes adjusted in constant voltage and DC+, the gas shield was a mixture 75% Ar+25% CO2 and commercially pure CO2. The wire used was Class ER70S-6 with diameter of 1.2 mm for the electrode wire and 1.0 mm for the cold wire, the both wires were fed in heads independent. The input operating variables were the feed speed of wire energized at three levels, 4, 6 and 8 m / min and the wire feed speed in cold 50%, 60% and 70% of the wire feed speed energized . The welds were automated in simple deposited in the pushing direction and the positioning of the cold wire in a single level, Tandem in chamfer "U" steel plate ASTM 1020. The variables of response used were: superficial inspection of the cords, analysis of the geometry (width, penetration, reinforcement and dilution) and economic solder (melting rate, deposition rate, yield and operating cost). The results indicated that for surface analysis, using the AR25% CO2 gas to the surface of the strands were more homogeneous with respect to CO2 and less splash index for the analysis of economic characteristics, the process always GMAW-CW was superior to the conventional process, the operating costs the conventional process was lower, but without filling of the chamfer, which occurred with the use of GMAW-CW.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da viabilidade operacional do processo de soldagem MAG com alimentação adicional de arame frio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-11-09) SÁBIO, Alberto Dias; BRAGA, Eduardo de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4783553888547500
The present study shows experimental research of the weld concerning operational, economic and geometric viability as well as its superficial quality when using MAGCW (Metal Active Gas – Cold Wire), understood as: MAG welding process with nonenergized wire or cold wire. For the development of this research, welding MAG and MAG-CW processes have been used together with 1,2 mm of diameter consumable solid wires, class AWS E-70S6 and carbon dioxide pure, CO2, as protection gas with 17 l/min release for both processes. Automated welding was performed with electronic source adjusted in CC+, in constant tension mode, interfaced by a microcomputer. In both processes the welds were put on steel carbon samples SAE 1020, 76x155x12,7 mm size, with simple disposition passes, pulling and pushing the voltage arc. The MAG-CW process added cold wire on the electric arc region, fed by the Tandem and Twin sequential wire shape auxiliary system on plane position. The variables of influence were: Velocidade de Alimentação do Arame-Eletrodo, VAE, which varied in three levels: 6; 7,5 and 9 m/min, respectively, Velocidade de Alimentação do Arame-Fio, VAF, which also varied in three levels: 3; 4 and 5 m/min combined with VAE. Response variables for experimental evaluation were electric arc stability, economic features, geometric features and weld superficial quality. The results demonstrated satisfactory arc stability as well as high production concerning MAG process and also good superficial aspect of welds. Rising rates obtained by MAG-CW process demonstrates the superiority due to non-energized wire addition to the arc. Thus, the MAG-CW process, in comparison with MAG process, demonstrated superiority concerning the 57% in rate of fusion (RF) for the VAE of 6 m/min, 59 % for the VAE of 7,5 m/min and 53 % for the VAE in 9 m/min. it has also been observed that the same occurred with the rate of deposition (RD) increasing in all speed levels: 62% for the VAE in both conditions of 6 m/min and 7,5 m/min and in 57 % for the VAE in 9 m/min. The good performance in the increase of the taxes obtained by the process MAG-CW demonstrates advantage, with larger evidence in the acting of these characteristics, in function of the addition of cold wire to the arch.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do comportamento dos aços ferramentas soldados em fadiga
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-28) MONTEIRO, Alberto de Castro; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
Knowing that fatigue is a gradual reduction of the carrying capacity of the component by slow and gradual breakdown of the material. And this defect arises from the infinitesimal advance of microcracks that form inside the material, imperceptible to the naked eye, it is also clear that the presence of alloying elements in steels, allows changes in metallurgy and mechanical properties of the material, applied to work. On the other hand, when he underwent processing of diverse, they all zones deform elastic, plastic, and after break up. Emphasizing the goal of this study, intended to address the welded joints, in stages that are subjected to high temperatures and cools without control, even at room temperature. In the end, are requested by cyclic alternating or constant. In particular, it is expected to detect structural changes deep in the Heat Affected Zone - ZTA, suffered because of overheating, both near the midpoint of the weld pool and in the region and located in the neighborhood. As we do not have enough parameters and necessary to control these changes, we propose to analyze the HAZ of the welded joint in order to evaluate the metallurgical behavior and its implications caused by gas-metal interactions. To analyze the effects of the triangle formed by the base material AISI / SAE 4340, SAE 1020 and chamfered V-coated electrode E-6013. Structure analysis will be performed by testing techniques using the metallographic optical microscopy - MO which is widely circulated in technical and scientific communications, through which, the transformations distinguish multiphasic. These transformations, distinguished by direct transformation of austenite to martensite without passing through the ferrite and pearlite. With these identities, metallography can characterize and predict the future responses of the structures by analyzing the requests, which may besubmitted. To analyze the fatigue behavior of materials in question, it is adopted as a parameter ancillary testing the Charpy pendulum. Therefore, the results obtained, we conclude that structures are compromised by tensions 05/05/2011 internal consequently weaken, but welding procedure can be adopted, followed annealing for stress relief, if not make cracks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência dos procedimentos e modos de transferência no processo MAG na redução de deformações em painéis de estruturas navais
(Associação Brasileira de Soldagem, 2013-11) CABRAL, Tarcio dos Santos; BRAGA, Eduardo de Magalhães; MENDONÇA, Everton Augusto Maciel; SCOTTI, Américo
The Growth in the Brazilian shipbuilding industry brought on numerous problems in the production line. Some of these problems are related to the manufacturing process, welding process, due to residual stress and distortions. In the present paper, the influence of the welding procedure (sequence and direction of welding and the use of back weld) was studied. Different welding processes with different transfer modes (GMAW-CC, GMAW-TT and GMAW-CW) were also used. These changes were made to observe the influences on the amplitude of the distortions. All the welds were made using the ER70S-6 electrode and pure CO2 as a shielding gas with the short circuit transfer mode. The results showed that the most important variable is the direction of welding, which is related to the level of restriction of the panels welded. The effect of the welding sequence presented on the values of distortion produced were minor. The panels produced using the back welding procedure presented small values of distortion however, the procedure showed to be inefficient. It was also observed that the level of distortion for the processes GMAW-CC and GMAW-STT showed similar values. On the other hand the values of distortion in the panel welded using the GMAW-CW process presented the lowest values.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revestimento de níquel depositado pela soldagem MIG e MIG com arame frio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) MOTA, Carlos Alberto Mendes da; NASCIMENTO, Alexandre Saldanha do; GARCIA, Douglas Neves; SILVA, Diego Almir Silva da; TEIXEIRA, Felipe Ribeiro; FERRARESI, Valtair Antônio
This paper presents a study about the operational, geometrical and microstructural characteristics of GMAW and GMAW-CW (GMAW Cold Wire) welds applied on a coating of steel AISI 1020 plate, with a nickel superalloy ER NiCrMo-4, Hastelloy 276C type. The welding was automated in flat position, and executed with an electronic source on DC+ and having instantaneous acquisition of the welding voltage and current oscillograms. The input variables were the speeds of the electrode and cold wires and the welding speed. It was evaluated the operational processes and the effect of heat input on the geometrical characteristics (reinforcement and width), dilution, microstructure and microhardness of the coating. The results indicated a good operating performance, the absence of defects in single passes and in the GMAW-CW coatings. Furthermore, it has been found the lowest level of dilution.