Navegando por Assunto "Solo - Uso"

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência de diferentes práticas de uso da terra sobre a fauna de riachos amazônicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-27) SOUSA, Híngara Leão; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099
Disturbances caused by land use practices lead to several negative effects on stream biodiversity. This dissertation was developed to contribute with information about the land use effects on Amazonian stream biodiversity. The dissertation was subdivided in three chapters. First, it was performed a review of articles that evaluated the land use effects on stream fauna in the Amazon in the last 25 years to show the scenario of scientific research for these ecosystems in the region. In the Chapter 2 the aim was to assess the effects of three land use practices (managed and convenctional logging, and pasture) on stream fish, considering the impacts on the community structure and niche characteristics of species. In the Chapter 3 the aim was to evaluate the ecological uniqueness of fish assemblages in these areas, in order to identify the land uses and species that more contribute to beta diversity in the region. As general results of the first Chapter, 42 articles evaluating the land use effects on stream fauna communities in the Amazon were found in the literature, mainly in areas of timber extraction. Recently, there has been an increase in studies, and only the last four years accounted for 74% of articles. However, we identified a lack of information about the land use history in the studied areas, a lack of studies using only the crustacean as a bioindicator taxon and a few multi-taxon studies. Chapter 2 showed that conventional logging and pasture had negative impacts on fish communities, and no effect was observed in managed logging areas. Additionally, pasture was mainly responsible for the separation of niche species, supporting species with higher marginality and smaller niche breadth. Finally, in the Chapter 3 was found higher contribution of pasture area to beta diversity, mainly due to the great variation in the disturbance levels associated to this land use practice. Besides that, both habitat specialist and generalists contributed to beta diversity in the area. In conclusion, the results of this dissertation have shown that different kinds of land use may result in particular effects on stream communities. Our findings also suggest that different approaches using information on stream biodiversity are useful in environmental impact assessment in these ecosystems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem de uso da terra na bacia hidrográfica do rio Marapanim no nordeste do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-12-19) SANTOS, Lucyana Barros; LOPES, Luís Otávio do Canto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1013147545099173; FENZL, Norbert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6834981018643186
To analyze the dynamics of deforestation from the land use, to help understand the current processes and reflect upon the future. For this purpose, the object for this study was the Marapanim River hydrographic basin, located in the Northeast region of the State of Pará (PA), situated in one of the oldest agricultural colonization borders in the Amazon, which suffered a disordered occupation process culminating with strong pressure over its vegetation cover. The intense land use mischaracterized the natural landscape arising from economic acceleration contributing to the transformation of the forest and natural ecosystems in changed areas, compromising the natural resources. Methodologically, it is a research with quantitative approach, which mapping studies of the land use and occupation in the river basin allowed, through statistic parameters, the monitoring of the natural or human-made changes. Currently, the region undergoes a change in its land use dynamic before a new agro- energetic border through the introduction and expansion of dendê, which emerges as a way to contain the soy and livestock growth. It was made an analysis of the landscape transformations through techniques of remote sensing, geo-processing, and dynamic modeling. Dynamic models were created through the use of the LuccME modeling framework, developed by the Centro de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre (CCST) of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) and collaborators in order to computationally represent the changes in land use and their determining factors. It was made simulations for the period of 2008-2017. The results show that 80% of the basin area was deforested and that the few remains present in the basin area are being converted to agricultural and livestock activity. In addition to this grave scenario of vegetal suppressing, the fragmentation of the forest causes the fragmentation of habitat and loss of biodiversity. To change this situation, it is recommended as an alternative the articulation of efficient, structured, and continuous public policies as well as actions connected to the structuring proposed in the municipalities master plans, to the integrated management, to the formation of production chain that guarantees the sustainable use of the natural resources, to the incentive for the creation of UCs, given that there are only two, both of sustainable use. The public policies would allow the conservation and protection of the forestry remains and would contribute to the improvement in the environmental situation in the area of the hydrographic basin of the Marapanim River (PA).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Monitoramento das paisagens de Paragominas: uma abordagem geossistêmica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-30) PIMENTEL, Gustavo Martinez; LOPES, Luis Otávio do Canto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1013147545099173; SILVA, Christian Nunes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4284396736118279
In the Amazon, to monitor and predict land use dynamics, do not occur simply. The occupation in this region, starting from the opening of the BR-010 hayway and based on deforestation and insertion of pastures for cattle rearing, did not provide this productivity gradient as in other parts of the country. A great example is Paragominas/Pará held at the time the logging as the main economic activity, the city experienced a paradigm shift in 2008, the result of a joint action between civil society, private capital and public institutions, managed to recycle and restructure its economy more sustainable activities. Despite progress, much can still be done for better productivity and proper use of natural resources in the territory. Thus, it is understood that the territory is the space where decisions and where politics materializes are taken, with direct influence on the management of natural resources. Therefore, it’s important to identify the elements of the landscape, including the geomorphology, which stands for determining other elements, such as vegetation, soil, fauna, etc.). Thus, considering the theoretical basis and the GIS as a support, it was mounted one geographic database with primary information, secondary and adapted secondary data. This base was inserted into a cell grid system for analysis. From this grid it was possible to distinguish twelve geofacies to Paragominas. From them, it assesses that in the municipality of Paragominas, in most cases, have forest areas with 10,788.74 square kilometers (55.78%) and when it comes to land use, pastures totaling 2789.11 square kilometers (14.47%). Regarding the rate stability, forests stand out with the highest percentage, about 70%, land uses the present intermediate values (50%) and the Low and High “Capoeiras Baixa e Alta” have the lowest levels of stability (15%). As the dynamics of the evolution of land use in geofacies, livestock is the activity that most deforested the forest in Paragominas, with deforestation rates ranging from 5% to 15% of each geofacie. Agriculture in class, the dynamic occurs in the conversion of grasslands for planting beans, with values strongly concentrated in the areas of Plateaus, with conversion rates ranging from 8% to 25%. As for forest regeneration processes, geofacies Depression, Plains and Valleys have higher rates of these geofacies between 5% and 20%. In contrast, classes more forest regeneration showed no patterns among geofacies. In an overview, the study showed that the insertion occurred dynamics of mechanized agriculture next to highways and livestock is still deforesting vector in the municipality. Already the Forest Plantation this consolidation process in the region and is not very representative area. With the database was possible to define the limits of geofacies and from them verify the dynamics of using existing land in Paragominas, reflecting the same land use dynamics (agricultural transition, deforestation, forest degradation, among others) that are occurring in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso do solo da ilha do Atalaia no município de Salinópolis (PA): desafios para o reordenamento territorial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-07-02) SOUZA, Geisa Bethânia Nogueira de; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
The Island of Atalaia, municipality Salinópolis, states of Pará, located at the northern mesoregion of state of Pará, microregion of the salt sea-shore, focuses, currently, a diversity of socio-spatial practices tagged by complex relations of his own process of spatial reproduction, developed by different social actors who have appropriated the space along the process of occupation. So, as coastal space has been subjected to intense pressure exerted by diverse forms of land use that are expressed in a undisciplined form, integrated with the logic of exchange value from conversion of space into a commodity and that, along with the natural phenomena, stand out as factors that causes or enhances environmental and legal issues. Based on that context, this work discussed land use of study area, considering their different forms of occupation. The main objective is to analyze ways of appropriation of the soil, based on principle governing the islands are collective space. The specific objectives were to examine ways to use and occupy the space of the Island of Atalaia and environmental and access problems from land use of the Island and, lastly, to analyze the challenges for territorial planning. To achieve the proposed objectives were used as methodological procedures documentary research and data collection at public institutions comments and recognition of forms of use and their social actors, interviews targeted at social actors and expert professionals, given collection and geographic information and manufacturing maps. To execute this study considered the following dimensions: the environment, the use and access. These dimensions are fundamental to understanding the type of occupation there is today and to provide tools to reflect the challenges of another type of for territorial planning, from the particularities of the studied area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O uso do solo na cidade universitária Prof. José da Silveira Netto: contribuições para a gestão de espaços institucionais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-18) BARBOSA, Jacilino Estumano; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
This work aims to understand the production process of institutional space in Belém (PA), specifically a university city area called Professor José da Silveira Netto- Cidade Universitária, located in Para Federal University ( UFPA). It has been based on is regional planning and the conduct of its social function, since the deployment of the University campus of Guamá, in 1960 to the present day. The study examines the use of soil, the interaction between the University and its immediate surroundings, on the basis of the exercise of its main function teaching, research and extension and the challenges for the management of this patrimony. The methodology consisted of documentary search reports of the institution's management, investment plans, activity reports and field research and with observatiion "on the spot" of information distribution of buildings from the reading of the cartography of the University Campus. Research has shown that the patrimony assets of UFPA had approximately 46% reduction per "occupations" of low-income families and for cession of areas to other Government -owned corporations; Basic and professional sectors are with high occupancy rate of soil around 30% and 21%, respectively, the higher recommended limit. The results suggest that: keeping the ownership and occupation of the soil can visualize the depletion of physical expansion area of academic units for a medium and long term; the need for the establishment of regional planning by a code of posture to sort the appropriations and the land use. The major challenges pointed out toward the expansion of academic units and the absence of space for this purpose. As an alternative the Institution notes the construction of buildings in a vertical position in basic and professional sectors and the need for resources for their financing; the redistribution of the equipment and the transformation into common use areas between academic units; and, the articulation and integration among large sectors of the university town: campuses I, II, III and IV. The survey found that the formation of the space (area) was configured as a result of the UFPA urban expansion of the city, motivated by institutional cooperation between the social agents involved, induced by the social movements areas occupations of the decades of 1980 and 1990.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Zoneamento ecológico-econômico da BR-163: análise do processo de implementação no setor primário na sub-região da calha do Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-12) FURINI, Gustavo Luis Ferri; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749; VENTURIERI, Adriano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8968863324073508
Since the decade of 1980, after the publication of the National Environmental Policy, the Ecological-Economic Zoning (EEZ) is under discussion in the country. The Amazon states received the very first proposals for zoning development in Brazil, and the State of Pará has received the zoning of west region, also known as BR-163 EEZ. However, it seems that the engagement used to develop a new zoning is not applied in order to implement the instrument. This study aims to verify if BR-163 EEZ's recommendations specifically to land use on rural production areas are being used by local actors directly involved with the primary sector. The methodology is based on analysis from spatial and numerical datas of TerraClass Project, in particular for an area wich covers the municipalities of Santarém, Belterra and Mojuí dos Campos. Office's Results were checked in field in a qualitative manner. The results show that the EEZ has no significant influence on the actions of the actors involved with primary production. In order to have a greater appropriation of zoning standards is necessary to invest in actions to go forward on implementation and knowledge dissemination on it.