Navegando por Assunto "Subproduto agroindustrial"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação da tecnologia supercrítica visando a valorização da casca do fruto do bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-17) FREITAS, Lucas Cantão; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-6580
The use of agro-industrial waste envisioning its valorization has generated interest from the scientific community and industries. Therefore, this work provides a comprehensive approach to the current state of the art in relation to the use of agro-industrial waste, emphasizing the obtainment of high value-added products through supercritical technology and other environmentally friendly technologies. In addition, the main products generated from the use of agro-industrial residues were reported and discussed in terms of process, feasibility and future perspectives. In this context, bringing to the Amazon scenario and putting into practice the current state of the art, it was decided to apply supercritical technology as a tool for valuing the agro-industrial residue of the bacuri fruit, more specifically its shell, as it is the largest fraction of this fruit, representing up to 70% in mass. Thus, the work aimed to develop a process for separating and/or minimizing the resin that exudes from the bacuri shell, since this is the main barrier to the technological use of this residue. For this, consecutive extraction with supercritical CO2 was applied, where the process parameters such as particle size, pressure and use of cosolvent were studied, in addition to the pre-processing steps. The extracts obtained were analyzed in terms of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (ABTS) by spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that the process was able to separate the resin from the bacuri shell, which is the first report described in the literature. Furthermore, the smaller particle size (0.25 mm) exhibited the most prominent impact on extraction rate, providing good yields of lipid extracts (up to 10.09 ± 0.02 %) and ethanoic extracts (up to 13.78 ± 0.41%). The obtained extracts presented good levels of phenolic compounds, which was associated with its high antioxidant activity. Thus, the application of supercritical technology added value to the bacuri shell, enabling new strands for industrial use of this residue with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, encouraging the circular economy and the bioeconomy of the Amazon region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consumo, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e comportamento ingestivo, em ovinos sob dieta com níveis de inclusão de farelo de dendê (Elaeis guineenses)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) PINHO, Bianca Damasceno; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8940750096354420; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of palm kernel meal (Elais guineensis) - PKM, at levels of 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% in total dry matter of the diet in place of corn silage on voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility and intake behavior in sheep. 20 females were used, with an average of 35 kg, kept in individual metabolic cages that received the diet in two meals, 8h and 17h, distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and four replications. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Belem, Para State, Brazil, for 30 days, of which 21 adaptation and facilities, five days of data collection for determination of intake and digestibility of nutrients, and four days of evaluation of behavior pet chewing. Increased linearly (P> 0.05) were observed in the intakes of all nutrients except EE and NFC, which had no effect (P> 0.05), depending on the levels of PKM in the diet.. A quadratic effect (P <0.05) on the apparent digestibility values, with maximum levels of 31% to 40.4% inclusion of PKM in the diet, except for the digestibility of EE (EEDC) and digestibility of NFC (CDCNF), which had no effect (P> 0.05). The animals reduced feeding time and increased the time fired in idleness, with a maximum of 14 hours / day, with the inclusion of 37.62% of PKM. The number of ruminated boli per day were not affected by dietary levels of PKM, while rumination time for cake quadractricaly, with a minimum value of 44.37/second, at the level of 35.19% of PKM. The number of chews (NMM) quadractricaly, with estimated minimum values of 51.16 MM / MM cake and 32,002.44 / day, respectively, 33.68% and 35.06% inclusion by product. The dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were influenced by dietary levels of PKM, which caused changes in feeding efficiency and rumination (eg MS g NDF / hour) and rumination (eg MS g NDF/cake). The inclusion of PKM increases the consumption of the diet DM, improved eating behavior, their use is recommended until the level of 40% in the diet, which does not compromise nutrient digestibility.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Farelo de dendê como aditivo sequestrante de umidade na silagem de capim-elefante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-12) SANTOS, Ivan Alberto Palheta; RÊGO, Aníbal Coutinho do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4330113577933018; DOMINGUES, Felipe Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1461187309835749
The objective of this work to review existing literature on the use of additives sequestering moisture, as well as the use of palm kernel meal as a additive for elephant-grass silage, after that, there was a scientific experiment in which we evaluated the effect of adding bran oil palm as an wet kidnapper additive in elephantgrass silage. The chemical qualitative and fermentation were analyzed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six replications, where the averages of the results of days of closing and opening were analyzed by regression analysis. In the aerobic stability analysis was employed subdivided plots, so that the treatments were randomized in plots and the evaluation times in the subplots. Samples were collected at the time of ensiling and after 190 days of storage for evaluation of dry matter, crude protein, carbohydrates (total, non-fibrous, watersoluble, cellulose and hemicellulose), mineral material, lignin and lipids. In the days aerobic samples were collected for pH, nitrogen for ammonia, fungi and yeasts. The elephant grass this experiment showed values of 13.9% DM and 8.25% CP while the FD has 77.2% DM and 16.9% CP. The inclusion of FD had a direct influence on the populations of fungi and yeasts during the aerobic stability, the higher the dose, the less proliferation as a result, the values of pH and NH3-N also showed similar behavior. The inclusion of bran Palm at doses in the range of 10% to 15% can be used in silage of elephant, inhibiting undesired fermentation and making them more stable, doses above this value may affect the nutritive value of silage by high lignin content of the additive.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Óleo de fritura residual na alimentação de ovinos: consumo e digestibilidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-27) OLIVEIRA, Cristiane do Socorro Barros de; RÊGO, Aníbal Coutinho do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4330113577933018; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inclusion of residual frying oil consumption and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in the diet and nitrogen balance. In consumption test and the apparent digestibility was used 20 Santa Inês lambs, with an average age of 90 days and average body weight of 19.29±3.17 kg, in a completely randomized design. The experimental period lasted 19 days, 14 days of adaptation and five total collection of the diets fed, orts, feces and urine. The total collection of feces was performed on plastic collectors and weighed daily. Urine was collected in plastic buckets and added daily in collectors hydrochloric acid 10%. The animals were housed in individual metabolic cages and fed twice daily with diets based on roughage and concentrate (50:50), while residual oil was included in the diet at concentrations of 0; 2; 4; 6 to 8% of the dry matter of the concentrate. The addition of the residual frying oil had no significant effect (p>0.05) on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), detergent fiber acid (FDA), total carbohydrate (TC), non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC). However, consumption of lipids (EEC) increased linearly with the inclusion of oil in the concentrate, Y=0.0244 + 0,0051X (p<0.01). Also, there was no effect on the digestibility of DM, CP, OM, NDF, ADF, CNF and TCHO and nitrogen balance. The digestibility of EE increased linearly with the addition of oil in the diet, Y = 83.68 + 1,66X (p<0.01). The inclusion of the residual frying oil in the diet of sheep, in the inclusion of up to 8% of dry matter in the concentrate can be used without damage to the intake and digestibility of nutrients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Óleo de palma na alimentação de ovinos, degradabilidade ruminal e digestibilidade aparente
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-28) MORAIS, Eziquiel de; ÁVILA, Sandra Cristina de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9683521652094464; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8940750096354420
The effects of including increasing levels of palm oil on the in situ ruminal degradability parameters of nutrients, dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (FDA) of elephant grass silage, and the apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF, and ethereal extract (EE) in experimental ovine diets were studied. The following treatments were tested: including palm oil at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g/kg DM of the total diet. The diets were made up of elephant grass silage and concentrate based on corn, soy meal, and mineral mix. The palm oil was mixed to the concentrate to facilitate its distribution, with a 1:1 roughage:concentrate ratio maintained with formulations that were isoproteic and isofibrous, but not isoenergetic, offered at a ratio of 1.5% of the live weight (restricted intake). No significant (P>0.05) similarities were found in the ruminal degradation variables assessed with the inclusion of up to 75 g oil/kg DM. The apparent digestibility of organic matter suffered a linear reduction, an effect contrary to what was observed for EE, whose apparent digestibility showed a linear increase. The digestibility of the other nutrients was not impacted by including palm oil in the diet, which suggests this lipid source can be used at levels above the recommendations for including free fat in ruminant diets.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resíduos da agroindústria de frutas como aditivos para ensilagem de capim elefante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-27) AZEVEDO, Jorge Cardoso de; ROCHA, Norberto Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7845601346733559; DOMINGUES, Felipe Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1461187309835749
The mean purpose of that research was to measure the potential of agribusiness fruit production waste use (banana, mango, passion), such as absorbing additives oh humidity at ensilage of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) cultivate Napier, through different specific masses, defining its effect on fermentation quality, microbiological characteristics, and chemical composition. Treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with four replicates, in factorial 4 x 3, being composed of witness, banana waste (BW), mango waste (MW), passion waste (PW) and three specific masses (400, 500 and 600 kg MV/m3). After 240 days of fermentation on experimental silos samples were opened and excluded to determine the content of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber corrected to ash and protein (NDFap), acid detergent fiber corrected to ash and protein (ADFap), hemicellulose (HCEL), lignin (Lig), total carbohydrates (TC), nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC), neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIN), acidic detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN, % total N), potential of hydrogen (pH), ammonium nitrogen (N-NH3), lactic acidic bacteria (LAB), filamentous fungi (FUN), and yeast. The software R was used to analyze the treatments, considering the significance of 5% probability (P<0.05). To compare the average of each treatment, when it influenced the variable response, the Tukey test of 5% of significance was used. The effect of specific mass on silo is more effective in exclusive silage of elephant grass, the compaction of 600 kg MV/m3 contribute for improvements on the fermentative and microbiological process. The specific mass does not influence a lot on the chemical composition. The addition of banana waste on elephant grass ensilage contribute improvements only on the chemical composition, rising the values of DM, PB, NFC and reduction of fibrous components (NDFcp and ADFcp), but it does not improve the fermentative and microbiological process. The addition of passion and mango by-products foment the improvement of DM and promote the fermentative, microbiological, and chemical process of silage, no matter the specific mass.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Valor nutritivo da torta de castanha-do-pará (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) para alimentação de ruminantes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-28) RAMOS, Aline Fernanda Oliveira; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8940750096354420; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
Nutrition is one of the most important links of the production process, either by the costs involved or by establishing the efficiency and productivity of the animal. At the same time the brazilian agricultural industry lies in the expansion with the use of oil, especially in the cosmetic and biodiesel sector, which generates waste due to obtain oil process. Thus, the use of these by-products in animal feed is an alternative for both activities, since for livestock food option means good availability and low cost, and for agribusiness means reducing accumulation and inadequate destinations of their waste. Before using a new food in feed formulations, experimental measurements are necessary to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the responses of animals that received the new the ingredient in its diets, as the voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility and animal’s behavior, which is important to complement and strengthen the nutritional data, especially because they represent the effects of the quality of food in the digestive activities. Thus, the byproduct of the processing of the almond brazilian nut and its effects on voluntary intake, digestibility and feeding behavior displayed by sheep fed with increasing levels of inclusion, 0, 15, 30 and 60% in the diet based on corn silage were assessed. Sixteen males lambs, uncastrated at 33 kg average were used, kept in individual metabolic cages, which received the diet in two meals, at 8a.m and 6p.m, with the offer set to allow 15% on the remains. Samples of the remains and feaces were collected and analyzed to determine the consumption and digestibility of nutrients. For four days the animals intake behavior were evaluated in relation to their activities of feeding, ruminating and idling, occurrences and duration of ruminated bolus and rumination chewing, and the efficiency of feeding and ruminating. The Brazil’s nut (BN) is a by-product with potential for ruminant nutrition, with considerable amounts of proteins and lipids, but due to its high content of ether extract in inclusion levels higher than 16.3% of the maize diet, affect rumen fermentation, especially fiber digestibility, the dry matter intake and the ruminating time in the animals.