Navegando por Assunto "Synthesis gas"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo experimental de um reator de gaseificação em um leito fixo de açaí
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-05-20) SANTOS, Robson Evilacio de Jesus; BRASIL, Augusto César de Mendonça; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0571960641751286
A bed of small-scale gasifier was a designed, built and operated in order to investigate the parameters that influence the gasification process of a fixed bed of açai seeds. The reactor type was a stratified downdraft open top and the dimensions are 15 cm of inner diameter and 1.5 m of height, with thermal insulation. The gas produced was collected downstream of the gasification bed and condensed for tar removal, which was subsequently quantified by Karl Fisher titration. After removal of tar, the produced gas was introduced in a Micro GC to be quantified in molar percentage of H2, CO, N2 and CH4. The temperature profile of the bed was measured with thermocouples type K, positioned along the longitudinal axis of the bed, with a distance of 10 cm between each other. The air flow was measured using a Pitot tube and a micromanometer. The acquisition of temperature data was made by a datalogger and the mass air flow rate was logged using the RS232 communication of the micromanometer. The experimental procedures were performed over 4 hours of operation of the gasification bed and the biomass average consumption was 1,6 kg/h. Six temperature profiles, mass flow of the incoming air, the bed pressure drop, concentrations of gases and tar content in the condensable gas, were obtained. It was found that the gasifier bed of acai can be operated in a wide range of air flow rates from 2 to 5 kg/h, with the amount of energy of the gas produced ranging from 5 to 15 MJ/h. The typical concentrations of gases obtained for the produced gas were 13% of H2, 11% of CO, 1,3% and CH4. The maximum cold gas efficiency resulted in 57% and and average tar content was 155 g/m3.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Teoria do funcional de densidade e ensemble canônico para análise termodinâmica do gás natural, gás de síntese e de suas misturas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-05) GOMES NETO, Abel Ferreira; CHAVES NETO, Antonio Maia de Jesus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3507474637884699
In this work we performed a thermodynamic characterization of natural gas, synthesis gas and the mixtures of these two fuels, obtaining predictions based on the density functional theory and on statistical thermodynamics, through the canonical ensemble model. The study initially focused on verifies what method of the Density Functional Theory is more suitable for the thermodynamic analysis of natural gas, where properties were obtained, such as the following thermodynamic potentials: internal energy, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and entropy. We conclude that B3LYP functional, along with the basis sets 6-311++g(d,p) corresponds to the most recommended method for the thermodynamic prediction of this fuel, the thermodynamic properties of the synthesis gas were analyzed, as well as the effects caused by the synthesis gas when mixed with natural gas. The results showed the synthesis gas can be a possible anti-knock additive, which a mixture containing up to 30% of synthesis gas can raise the resistance of natural gas to heating, reducing only about 15% of the energy their released in the combustion.