Navegando por Assunto "Tabaco"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Espectrometria Raman, UV, DOS e Circular Dicroísmo de alcalóides do cigarro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-28) GUEDES, Alberto Monteiro; CHAVES NETO, Antonio Maia de Jesus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3507474637884699
This work is about spectroscopic analysis of some molecular structures present in tobacco (Nicotiana glauca), the base for cigarette, and their interactions with the DNA molecule. According to its importance, among the variety present in the cigarette, the molecules studied were derived from nicotinic acid, nicotinic acid (niacin / vitamin B3), nicotinamide, trigonelline, nicotine, nornicotine and anabasine. The optimizations of these structures were initially obtained in the Hyperchem 7.5 computational software based on the theory of molecular mechanics. Then, they were optimized using the method Density Functional Theory, on the basis B3LYP/ 6-311 + + G (d, p), simulated in software Gaussian 03. Once the optimized structures, we obtained the UV absorption, Raman, Infrared, Circular Dichroism and Density of States spectra using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory also simulated the in the same software. At the end of this process was also simulated, via molecular mechanics, the interactions of these structures with the DNA molecule in order to verify the potential carcinogenic or not these substances.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Programa de controle do tabagismo na Amazônia brasileira, Castanhal-PA: contexto interdisciplinar, efetividade e adesão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-29) BRAGA, Luane Rafaela Barbosa; CUNHA, Janice Muriel Fernandes Lima da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4027012189701116
This study analyzes the effectiveness of the National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP)'s effectiveness in Castanhal-PA, a Brazilian Amazon city. The program was implemented in 2006 and underwent decentralization in 2018. However, in the context of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the Amazon study, the effective implementation of the tobacco control program is filled with difficulties. So, we analyze the program's offering and retention rates, smoking cessation, population of smoking clients, treatment initiation and completion percentage, and association between sociodemographic variables and treatment outcomes. The study analyzed smoking users through FORMSUS forms from 32 Health Units that had anti-smoking treatment from January 2021 to December 2022. We used linear regression and retrospective descriptive statistical analysis. We also apply the chi-square test to check for differences. We visualized and analyzed the data using Microsoft Office® Excel. A sample of 227 individuals was studied in 2021 and 2022. Most participants were female (60.9%) and 60 or older (40.0%). About 47.9% reported having 02 to 03 minimum wages. Smoking was prevalent, with 40% smoking more than 04 cigarettes per day and 116 individuals smoking for more than 20 years. There was a high dropout rate from the NTCP in both years (71.87% and 70.99%). The variables "family income" and "race/color" were statistically associated (p-value = 0.0001). Implementing the NTCP varies by location, and units with the highest success rates can be used as best practice examples to improve access and achieve smoking cessation goals across the municipality. Regional peculiarities and logistical obstacles impact the success of the PNAB and PNCT in the Amazon context.