Navegando por Assunto "Tabagismo"

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Associação entre excesso de peso e hábito de fumar, Santarém, PA, 2007
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12) SÁ, Naíza Nayla Bandeira de; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationships between overweight and smoking habit. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed in a random sample (n = 944) of adults (> 18 years of age) from Santarem (state of Pará, northern Brazil) in 2007, through telephone interviews. The outcome variable was overweight and the explanatory variable, smoking habit. Confounding variables were: age, race, schooling, marital status, smoking habit, nutritional status at 20 years of age, alcohol abuse, leisure physical activity, and diet. The association between overweight and other variables was investigated by the chi-square test and Poisson regression in order to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, for overweight according to smoking habit. Three levels of hierarchy were considered: socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional status, and behavior. RESULTS: Data show 40.6% of overweight and 16.4% of smokers. Variables associated with overweight were: older age, low level of schooling, stable marital relationship, overweight at 20 years of age, and non-consumption of soft drinks for both sexes; no physical activity in leisure time for men and smoking habit (present and past) for women. Prevalence ratios of overweight were not associated with smoking habits for men, but for women there was a trend toward a higher prevalence of overweight for current smokers, reaching 2.56 times more than among never smokers and former smokers. CONCLUSION: This study showed a higher risk of overweight among women smokers, comparatively to former and never smokers. For men there was no association between overweight and smoking habit.
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Does ethnic ancestry play a role in smoking?
(2015-03) SOUZA, Elisa Sebba Tosta de; ARAÚJO, Luíza Ferreira de; ALENCAR, Dayse O. de; SANTOS, Sidney Emanuel Batista dos; SILVA JUNIOR, Wilson Araújo da; FERREIRA, Cristiane Ayres; MARTINEZ, José Antônio Baddini
The higher proportion of smokers among Black people in Brazil has been attributed to socioeconomic disparities, but genetic factors could also contribute for this finding. This study aimed at investigating associations between smoking status with genetically defined ethnic ancestry and socioeconomic features in Brazilians. Blood samples were collected from 448 volunteers (66.7% male; age: 37.1±11.4 years) classified as current smokers (CS: 60.9%), former smokers (FS: 8.9%) and never smokers (NS: 30.1%). Individual interethnic admixtures were determined using a 48 insertion-deletion polymorphisms ancestry-informative-marker panel. CS showed a lower amount of European ancestry than NS (0.837±0.243 X 0.883±0.194, p≤0.05) and FS (0.837±0.243 X 0.864±0.230, p≤0.05), and a higher proportion of African Sub-Saharan ancestry than FS (0.128±0.222 X 0.07±0.174, p≤0.05) and NS (0.128±0.222 X 0.085±0.178, p≤0.05). NS reported a higher number of years in school than CS (11.2±3.7 X 8.9±3.8, p≤0.001). CS were less common in economic Class A (30%) and more common in Class B (56.8%). In multivariate analysis, only lower number of school years and lower economic class were associated with higher chances for CS. The use of genetic molecular markers for characterizing ethnic background confirmed that socioeconomic disparities are the main determinants of higher smoking rates among Blacks in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Factors associated with smoking cessation
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02) FRANÇA, Samires Avelino de Souza; NEVES, Ana Ligian Feitosa das; SOUZA, Tatiane Andressa Santos de; MARTINS, Nandara Celana Negreiros; CARNEIRO, Saul Rassy; SARGES, Edilene do Socorro Nascimento Falcão; SOUZA, Maria de Fátima Amine Houat de
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with smoking abstinence among patients who were treated in a reference unit for smoking cessation. METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined the medical records of 532 patients treated in a reference unit for smoking cessation in Belém, PA, Northern Brazil, between January 2010 and June 2012. Sociodemographic variables and those related to smoking history and treatment were analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 50 years; 57.0% of the patients were women. The mean tobacco load was 30 packs/year, and the mean smoking duration was approximately 32 years. Most patients remained in treatment for four months. The rate of smoking abstinence was 75.0%. Regression analysis indicated that maintenance therapy, absence of relapse triggers, and lower chemical dependence were significantly associated with smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: The smoking abstinence rate observed was 75.0%. The cessation process was associated with several aspects, including the degree of chemical dependence, symptoms of withdrawal, and period of patient follow-up in a multidisciplinary treatment program. Studies of this nature contribute to the collection of consistent epidemiological data and are essential for the implementation of effective smoking prevention and cessation strategies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tabagismo associado a outros fatores comportamentais de risco de doenças e agravos crônicos não transmissíveis
(2010-08) BERTO, Silvia Justina Papini; CARVALHAES, Maria Antonieta Barros Leite; MOURA, Erly Catarina de
The study interviewed 1,410 adults by telephone. Respondents comprised a random sample and represented the population over 18 years of age living in households with landline telephone services. Smoking prevalence was 21.8%, higher in males (25%) and in the 18-29 year bracket. Smoking and sedentary lifestyle occurred together in 13.9% of males and 14.2% of females; smoking and low fruit consumption in 12.9% of males and 12.3% of females; and smoking and low vegetable consumption in 5.8% of males and 5.1% of females. An association between smoking and excessive alcohol intake was only observed in males (3.5%). As observed for smoking alone, the simultaneous occurrence of smoking and other behavioral risk factors for CNCD was inversely associated with schooling. Evidence of clustering between smoking and sedentary lifestyle, smoking and excessive alcohol intake, and smoking and improper diet thus calls for interventions focused on prevention and the concomitant reduction of major behavioral risk factors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tabagismo: prevalência e fatores associados na população adulta de Belém, Pará, 2007
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-09-25) CARNEIRO, Saul Rassy; MOURA, Erly Catarina de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5136057288998726
The aim of the study is to analyse the prevalence of smoking in the city of Belém-PA along with their associated factors. Secondary data were used from Belem-PA collected in 2007 by the national system of surveillance and risk factors for chronic diseases protection by phone survey (VIGITEL), which monitors the risk factors for chronic diseases protection in 26 Brazilian States capital and in the Federal District. The sample were 2014 individuals with 18 or more years old, which replied to the questions concerning socioeconomic factors, behavioural and state of health and related diseases. The results show that the prevalence of smokers was 14,3% (11,7- 16,9) where 21,1% (16.5-25,6) were men and 8,5% (5,9-11,1) were women. The men presented among their associated factors a ratio of prevalence of 0,58 (0,4- 0,83) for those who have more than 8 years of study and 1,9 (1,26-2,88) for those who consume alcoholic beverage. The women presented as associated factor the abuse of alcohol with a ratio of prevalence of 2,23 (1,15-4,32). We concluded that the prevalence is higher in men than in women and the factors associated would be low school level and the abuse of alcohol for men while that for women it would be only the abuse of alcohol.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vigilância de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal (2006)
(2008-05) MOURA, Erly Catarina de; MORAIS NETO, Otaliba Libânio de; MALTA, Deborah Carvalho; MOURA, Lenildo de; SILVA, Nilza Nunes da; BERNAL, Regina Tomie Ivata; CLARO, Rafael Moreira; MONTEIRO, Carlos Augusto
OBJECTIVES: To describe methods and initial findings of the Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases through Telephone Interviews – VIGITEL implemented in Brazil in 2006. METHODS: VIGITEL studied random samples of individuals with 18 years of age or more living in households with telephones in each capital of the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District (54,369 total individuals, and at least 2,000 per city). Sampling was based on complete electronic telephone directories in each city and included random selection of phone lines (households) and random selection of the household member to be interviewed. The questionnaire investigated demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, diet patterns, physical activity, smoking, consumption of alcoholic beverages, recalled weight and height, and other topics. Prevalence estimates of selected protective and risk factors, stratified by gender with corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals, were calculated for the adult population of each city using sample weighing factors designed to equalize the sample socio-demographic distribution in each city to the distribution observed in the same city in the Demographic Census of 2000. Estimates were also calculated for all cities together using additional sample weighing that took into account the adult population size of each city. FINDINGS: The five selected risk factors (smoking, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, overweight, habit of eating fatty meats, and physical inactivity) were more frequent among men than women. Among protective factors, the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables was more common among women than men and the opposite was seen for leisure-time physical activity. Strong differences among the cities were found for all protective and risk factors, with distinct patterns of regional distribution seen for different factors. DISCUSSION: The performance of the system, evaluated based on the quality of telephone directories and response and refusal rates, was appropriate and in general higher than the performance seen in similar systems of developed countries. The cost of R$ 31.15 per complete interview was half the cost of the Behavioral Risk-Factor Surveillance System and one fifth of the cost estimated for a household survey on risk factors for chronic diseases recently conducted in Brazil.