Navegando por Assunto "Terapia comportamental"

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Análise das funções de verbalizações de terapeuta e cliente sobre sentimentos, emoções e estados motivacionais na terapia analítico-comportamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-10-13) BARBOSA, João Ilo Coelho; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
Recent studies done by behavior analysts have aimed at gaining more knowledge about the function which self-descriptive accounts of feelings, emotions and motivational states (SEM) can have on the therapeutic process. This would allow for the development of a model of behavior-analytic intervention in light of such report. This study investigated the possible relationship between the clients verbalizations which were made concerning SEM, the interventions of the therapist in light of these comments and the evolution of the problems or complaints of the client in the development of a clinical case. The participants in the study were an experienced behavior-analytic therapist and a married adult client, who had no record of psychiatric problems. Thirty-six sessions were recorded, transcribed and analyzed over a period of one year. The analysis of the verbalizations which occurred in the sessions was done on the basis of four categories, two referring to the therapist: categories related to the basic functions of the therapists verbalization (FBVT) and categories of analysis. The other two categories referred to the client: categories of analysis and indicators of complaint or change. These categories were also compared regarding their occurrence within and outside of emotional episodes (EE), defined as sequences of dialogues between therapist and client, in which there was at least one mention of the clients SEM. The analysis of the results showed that the main complaints of the client were related to her husband, body events, mood, parents or relatives, work colleagues and the lack of assertiveness. The SEM which were referred to most in the report of the client and the therapist were those related to motivational states, sadness and fear. It was verified that the therapists interventions, in light of the accounts with reference to SEM took place mainly in the form of investigation and confrontation. Only a small portion of these interventions suggested any relationship between a response of the client and environmental contingencies, predominately the antecedent-response type. The client made more relationships between environmental events and her responses than the therapist did, which were also of the antecedent-response type. Regarding the evolution of complaints made, one can affirm that there was no evidence of the occurrence of consistent changes in the clients repertoire, nor in the way she referred to her problems. Comparing the categories which were studied within and outside of the EE, a major change was found in the FBVT, in the categories of analysis of the therapist and the client. There was also a larger number of and variation of the occurrences of indicators of complaint or change within such episodes. Such results confirmed that feelings, emotions and motivational states are targets of investigation and intervention of the analytic-behavioral therapist, which are consistent with existing literature. The clients and therapists mention of SEM or of related events strengthen the idea that these can be dealt with, some times as hidden responses, some times as private stimulus and quite frequently as the relationship between those who are involved in the events, as well as groups of interrelated links. Not being occasionally able to observe terms of behavioral relationships which define SEM did not lead to a different type of approach on the part of the therapist. On the contrary, the mention of SEM by the therapist and client seemed to favor the occurrence of verbalization which established connections between the clients behavior and environmental events.
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Análise de conteúdo verbal na solução de dificuldades de portadores de transtornos ansiosos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-06-15) MOREIRA, Sandra Bernadete da Silva; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7483948147827075
Verbal behavior comprehension is crucial to the analysis of dysfunctional behaviors attended in behavior analytic therapy. Studies of verbal report studies on clinical context, have showed the importance of the use of verbal behavior and have generated intervention procedures to solve problems. Self-reports reinforcement, as a function of reinforcement contingencies, indicates that changing verbal behavior is an effective way to change non verbal behavior outside the therapeutic setting. The goal of this study is to show the utility of a procedure of managing verbal contingencies by a therapist through the systematization of a client verbal contents and its written devolution to solve problems of individuals with anxious disorders in a therapeutic setting. After being exposed to their own verbal behavior, it was possible to two participants of this study to characterize their difficulties, identifying and describing ambient contingencies related to their undesirable behavior and consequently to describe proposes of solution of these difficulties. It is discussed how the exposition to systematized verbal report changes further the verbal reports and the problem behavior.
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Descrição de algumas variáveis em um procedimento de supervisão de terapia analítica do comportamento
(2003) MOREIRA, Sandra Bernadete da Silva
In this work an analysis of a free, ongoing verbal interaction between therapy supervisor and a beginning therapist was carried out aiming to identify variables involved in the supervision procedure adopted. The participant's verbal behavior was divided into functional classes of responses, named "verbalizations categories", from which all vocal responses could be classified. The results showed a regularity in the supervisor verbal behavior, while the therapist's and client's behavior showed changes along supervision meetings and therapy sessions. The analysis of a free verbal interaction in a dyad allowed to make inferences about some controlling variables in this sort of interaction.
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Fenômenos emocionais no contexto explicativo do modo causal de seleção por conseqüências
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-08-23) DARWICH, Rosângela Araújo; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
B. F. Skinner gave rise to radical behaviorism, as the philosophy of a science of behavior, and produced experimental and theoretical arguments that grounded that science. The Skinnerian system distinguished itself from Psychology in the first half of the 20th century, by promoting the physical monism and recommending the approach of overt and covert responses in the context of individual-environment relations. The adherence to the causal mode of selection by consequences in the explanation of the behavior, however, can be viewed as controversial in the context of the analysis of emotional phenomena, for these include operant, but also respondent components. Such issue led to a revision of the theoretical foundations of behavior analysis, resulting in the proposal of an interpretative model of emotional phenomena by means of interrelations among respondent and operant processes. Considering that phylogenetical selection explains the establishment of unconditioned respondent relations, it is investigated if the selectionist model explains conditioned respondent relations in emotional phenomena. The approach of elaborations in behavior analysis resulted in the proposal of an interpretative model of emotional phenomena considering the occurrence of inter-relations among respondent and operant processes. The internal coherence of the Skinnerian interpretative system is preserved by means of the basic statement of that, along ontogenesis, historically established relations with the environment explain the occurrence of overt, covert, respondent and operant responses, as well as those with both components. Considering that conceptual clarity tends to be a prerequisite for intervention, this study contrasted the proposed interpretative model to the context of the accomplishment of functional analysis in the literature of behavior analysis. Preliminarily, the model demonstrated to be a useful interpretative tool, since it enables the understanding of different functions of variables, which take part in the behavioral relations of interest, at a contextualized and historical perspective.
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O conceito de ansiedade na análise do comportamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-04-08) COÊLHO, Nilzabeth Leite; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
Issues concerning to anxiety have been discussed in Psychology focusing several different aspects, but definitions of anxiety are far from consensual. The difficulty is due to several reasons, among which is the lack of a precise reference to behavioral relations. Divergence is also found in behavior-analytic literature. Some accounts stress the role of direct contingencies in controlling patterns of anxiety responses. Other definitions approach verbal aspects as possible sources of additional control. In the late accounts, the multiple functions of ones self-descriptive reports and also the semantic conditioning have been pointed out as possible explanations. In the present work, 47 papers were examined in the behavior-analytic literature in order to identify the types of behavioral relationships that are being suggested in the different uses of the concept of anxiety in the Behavior Analysis and the (in)compatibility of those approaches. The study took as reference categories of register that refer to what each author says in terms of respondent, not verbal operant, verbal operant components, and intervention perspectives. A more qualitative analysis was carried out with the use of analytical categories that refer to (1) the role performed by the physiologic alterations in the definition of anxiety; (2) the verbal and nonverbal operant relations involved in the phenomenon, and (3) the implications of each one of those analyses to a face-to-face verbal therapy. This exam made possible the identification of variations in the definitions concerning to (1) the type of behavioral relations involved; (2) the arrangement of contingencies that produce those relations; (3) the corporeal conditions produced concomitantly by the same contingencies; (4) to the functions of those corporeal conditions in the behavioral relations, and (5) the processes through which verbal stimuli participate in those relations. However, those variations in the definition can be understood as complementary analyses not incompatible with each other. The explanation of behavioral phenomenon based on a complexity continuum can be a model capable of joining those variations, making possible an understanding of (1) the relational network that can take place in an instance of anxiety, as well as (2) the function carried out by each one of the components in the anxiety.
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Valores do terapeuta na clínica analítico-comportamental
(2015-12) CELSO, João Paulo Watrin Martin; STEIN, Silvia Canaan de Oliveira
Since the 1950s, it has been argued that, to some extent, therapists do not remain value-free in psychotherapy and may even influence clients' values. Behavior-analytic therapy is no exception to this rule, even though its concept of values differs from traditional views. This work demonstrates how therapists can reveal their values during behavior-analytic therapy, whether these values are personal or shared with a particular culture (e.g., society as a whole, psychology, behavior analysis). To this purpose, it reviews how values have been conceptualized in behavior analysis and discusses what makes it possible for therapists to disclose their values during behavior-analytic therapy. At the end, some implications of this issue for clinical practice are briefly discussed.