Navegando por Assunto "Toxicologia genética"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise imunológica e genotóxica em Rattus Novergicus da linhagem wistar tratados com ciclofosfamida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-11) CARVALHO, Heleniana Maria Miranda de; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099
The development of this work has given up due to the need to better understand the immune system, taking into account the diversity of experimental immunosuppression models as well as the variety of immunological responses and genotoxic differences these, related species, the drug and doses used. Thus, aim of this study was to analyze the effects on the immune system and genotoxic effects in Rattus norvegicus Wistar, after inoculation of the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CY). The administration of 50 mg / kg in rodents CY, possible to observe a significant decrease in the parameters of cellularity and relative weight of lymphoid organs. The humoral immunity of rodents has undergone deletion, since the analysis of the antibody titration was performed on the test plate forming cells and hemolysis testing. four inoculations that immunosuppressant and the intervals between the inoculations was determined by recovery of normal levels of the above parameters were performed. Both times the drug was administered, there was a reduction in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils subsequently decreased, but only the second contact CY was observed immunosuppression. The analysis of the genotoxicity of cyclophosphamide (CY) was analyzed using the comet assay and was of paramount importance because dectamos genomic damage occurring in DNA exposed to different doses of cyclophosphamide (CY), which were 50 mg / kg in the first two phases and 25 mg / kg during the last two phases of the experiment. Furthermore, it was found that the genotoxic effects are cumulative with each CY dose applied, because even being administered in the third phase, the middle concentration (25 mg / kg) of the two inoculations initial CY the damage index does not correspond to half damage indices of the first and second vaccination. However, the analysis and immunologically genotoxicamente rodents, our work will enable testing new therapeutic immunosuppression regimens.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação in vitro dos efeitos genotóxicos e citotóxicos do fármaco dipirona sódica (Metamizol Sodium) em linhagem de rim de macaco verde africano (VERO)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-27) GOMES, Lorena Monteiro; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649
The dipyrone or metamizole belongs to the family of the pyrazolones. It is one of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds (NSAIs) most used, Brazil included, mainly due to its low financial cost. However, in some countries the sale of dipyrone is prohibited due to reported severe cases of agranulocytosis as a result of its use. Despite its high usage, studies showing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of dipyrone in mammalian cells are scarce. Therefore, in the present study we will assess cell viability, genotoxic effects, cytotoxic effects (by apoptosis and necrosis induction) and the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in VERO cells (a cell line obtained from red kidney of green monkey) exposed to dipyrone. Our results showed a significant reduction in viability of cells exposed to dipyrone by the MTT assay. A significant increase in damage index evaluated by comet assay was also observed, which indicate its genotoxic effects. In which concerns the cytotoxic effects of dipyrone, we observed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells using fluorescent dyes after 24h and 48 h of treatment with the drug. Ours results also showed that there was no significant difference in the induction of ROS generation after treatment of the cells with the drug assessed by the DCFH-DA technique. Thus, our work showed that dipyrone is both a genotoxic and cytotoxic drug to VERO cells in the assessed conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização in vitro dos efeitos genotóxicos e citotóxicos da droga antimalárica artesunato em linfócitos humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-23) MOTA, Tatiane Cristina; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649
Malaria is one of the most serious infectious disease in the world, with quite extensive geographic distribution in tropical areas. Its treatment is based on administration of specific drugs, as artemisinin and its derivatives: artesunate, which will be the subject of this study, and artemether. The artesunate is a semi-synthetic compound derived from artemisinin, a substance extracted from the Chinese plant Artemisia annua L. Despite the widespread use of artesunate in antimalarial therapy and the strong evidences that other antimalarials such as partenin and chloroquine present genotoxic effects in vitro; there are few studies that demonstrate artesunate genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes. In previous studies carried out in laboratory human cytogenetics, it was shown that artesunate induces cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes in vitro. Despite these findings, the mechanisms of these effects have not been adequately characterized due to limitations of the techniques used. This study aimed to assess in vitro the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of artesunate on human peripheral blood lymphocytes using assays such as FISHMN, oxidative stress and immunocytochemistry by immunofluorescence. We aimed through these tools elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the effects of artesunate in DNA of human lymphocytes. The results found in this study suggest that the artesunate induces the formation of ROS and other free radicals and that these substances are causing DNA damage in human lymphocytes in culture. Thus cells with damaged DNA, not being able to reverse this condition, activate apoptosis through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.