Navegando por Assunto "Transformadores elétricos"

Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de esforços eletromagneto-mecânicos nos enrolamentos de um transformador sob condições de correntes de inrush
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-27) FONSECA, Wellington da Silva; SOEIRO, Newton Sure; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7303174583088137; NUNES, Marcus Vinícius Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9533143193581447
This thesis presents an analysis of the effect of electromagnetic origin forces on structural deformation, stress and safety factor in power transformers when they are subjected to inrush currents. The methodology adopted is based on a magneto-mechanical assessment of the transformer using the finite element method (FEM). In this sense, the operating condition of its transformer energization is considered to accurately estimate the magnetic field density in the ferromagnetic structure and to find the values of mechanical stresses or forces in the axial and radial directions on the windings. These components are distributed over energized the high-voltage windings for observing the mechanical loading, which are more susceptible to such current actions. With this goal, it is implemented two- dimensional (2D) and threedimensional (3D) modeling of the discretized transformer structures in consolidated software, which are based on the Finite Elements Method, intended so to obtain more precise results in calculating the variables described. Comparisons between the results from the numerical method with those obtained by analytical methods are made, demonstrating that the FEM provides more precise distribution of stresses along the windings of the transformers when subjected to operating limits conditions as under currents inrush. It is also presented the magnetic flux distribution in the transformer, with high currents circulating in concentric winding of this. It modifies the flux path, causing in a significant increase in the leakage field and consequently on radial and axial forces. The results obtained for the structural behavior of the windings during inrush currents were also seen that the ends of the windings, where the spacers are located, producing high structural weakness due to the axial electromagnetic forces. This also implies a reduction in the safety factor at the ends windings ends and should be considered on the design of power transformers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Simulação de ensaio de impulso atmosférico em transformadores de baixa indutância utilizando circuito Glaninger e programa ATP para o laboratório de extra alta tensão da UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-31) BARRADAS, Raphael Pablo de Souza; NUNES, Marcus Vinícius Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9533143193581447
One of the major difficulties observed in high voltage laboratories is the adjustment of the atmospheric (voltage) impulse waveform during the tests. This difficulty is due to the fact that, most of the time, the capacitance of the object under test is not known, and it is not possible to make an exact calculation of the parameters to be used in the impulse generator. In the case of transformer tests, these difficulties increase because, in addition to the inherent capacitance of their insulation, there is also an inductance contribution to the test circuit from their windings. This fact makes it even more difficult to obtain a normalized waveform according to the NBR IEC 60060-1 standard. The present Master's Dissertation presents and evaluates methodologies that allow the performance of standardized voltage impulse tests in transformers with low inductances, common in electric power distribution systems. It will be highlighted in the results obtained with the insertion of a Glaninger circuit, compared to the methodology based on the increase of the total parallel resistance of the circuit under test. The computational simulations are performed in the ATP (Alternative Trasient Program) program, using rated values of physical parameters of the high voltage equipment of the Extra High Voltage Laboratory of the Federal University of Pará (LEAT). Through an initial modeling of the voltage impulse generator of the LEAT in the ATP program, the simulated results are validated by performing a real test in the LEAT. After validation, a test simulation in a low inductance distribution transformer is performed in order to present the deformations in the waveform of the impulse that occur, due to the low inductances of the transformer windings. Through the introduction of a suitably adapted Glaninger circuit, the solution to the above problem is presented, permitting tests on transformers with low inductances to be performed according to criteria established by current standards.