Navegando por Assunto "Tratamento"

Agora exibindo 1 - 13 de 13

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adesão ao tratamento anti-retroviral por cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes soropositivos de uma Unidade de Saúde do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-02) BRANCO, Caroline Mota; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
The adhesion to treatment has been receiving a lot of attention in Health´s Psychology these years. Studies in this area reveal that the patients who don't take part in the treatment cannot receive benefits of therapeutical intervention. The literature about adhesion in the anti-retroviral´s treatment reveals that is the caretaker who usually has the responsibility for managing soropositive children and teenager´s treatment. This study aims to describe the standard adhesion of caretakers treatment who live in the State of Pará, identifying the variables that interfere in their participation. It still reveals the types of cope strategies used to deal with the adverse conditions of soropositivity. For that, it was carried out a descriptive study, of transverse cut, with 30 caretakers, enrolled in the “Unidade de Referência Materno-infantil e Adolescente do Estado do Pará” (UREMIA), using, as instruments of data collection, an interview with caretakers - which investigated socialdemografic, clinical and psicosocial children and teenager's aspects - and the “Escala Modos of Enfrentamento de Problemas” (EMEP). Concerning to caretakers participation, it was observed that some conditions facilitated the treatment´s adhesion. Those conditions were related to varied of family organization (such as the number of people that lived in a house), to the history of treatment interruption and the self-report of caretakers about the fulfilment standard which should be emitted about the success (or failure) of the adhesion. The influence of those varied demonstrated the influence of behavior control made by rules, because the caretakers emitted the fulfillment standard classified as "adhesion" in order to avoid being in contact with the aversive consequences of the non-continuation of the treatment. Concerning to the cope strategies, it was showed a major grade for Factor 3, emphasizing the use of strategies focused on religious practices and/or imaginative thoughts. This research verified that the caretakers of the sample avoided thinking about the soropositivity problem as it is really constituted, using religious thoughts or "magic" to continue working with the daily routine of the subject coping, which involved the condition of children and teenager’s soropositivity. Based on all this data, this research suggests that more studies should be carried out in order to investigate themes related to the function of social contigences about the behavior of children and teenager’s caretakers from Pará, and also investigate aspects concerned to the diagnosis revealing.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adesão ao tratamento por pacientes portadores de diabetes tipo 1 e tipo 2: efeitos do treino de discriminação de dicas internas e externas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-03-01) BRANDÃO, Washington Luiz de Oliveira; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
The present study aims to compare the results of discriminatioll training of symptoms and actions related to the treatment of Type I and Type 2 diabetes, evaluating the effectíveness of these trainings for the estimation of glicemic levels and adherence to the treatment. A countless number of surveys carried on in the Health psychology field has the goal of improving the treatment to diabetic patients. Part of these surveys use a procedure caUed general blood glucose selfmonitoring which is based on skills such as observation, checking and registering the relevant aspects in the treatment of diabetes such as: (a) glícemic leveI (GL); (b) symptoms (internal cues - 1C); and (c) actions related to the treatment such as medication, nourishment and physical activity (external cues - EC). The studieshave shownthat general blood glucose.self-monitoring helps the patients to improve the levei of discrimination ofthe glicemic a1terations. This 1iterature is not clear about defining which is the best cue to the used to improve the discrimination of the glicemic levels and states that the development of this skill does not enhance the adherence to the treatment. This study was made of three distinct phases: (a) Baseline and introdutory interview; (b) Trainings interviews; (c) Devolutive final interview. The training phase is divided ln two parts - Internal Cues (IC) and External Cues (EC). During the training phases the participants estimated and assigned a cause to the glicemic leveI on their blood stream measured by a memory-containing reflectometer in the interviews. During in the EC, the participantes also received a feedback from the researcher about the report of the directions followed, based on the directions given by medical advice and compiled from medical registers ofthe patients. 1ts rate of adherence (RA) was measured in the two first phases. The training interviews were conducted at 'the participant's home, in the intervals of 3 days, during which the participants registered the events which took place during corresponding phase. The results showed that independently of the type of training which was accomplished, the participants estimated their glicemic levels based on external cues. The symptoms related to 1Cphase were not always associated to glicemic leveI measured. The participants with diabetes Type 1 reached a higher degree of precision on their estimations during the EC training. The majority of participants had higher degree of the adherence to the treatment when they stared by the EC training. The results suggest that: (a) the reports of the symptoms are not the best indication to evaluate glicemic leveI and adherence of treatment; (b) the best type of training to enhance the adherence to the treatment is the one which involves external cues
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da produção de lodo de esgoto e da capacidade de disposição do aterro sanitário do Aurá na região metropolitana de Belém para os próximos 20 anos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-07-01) CUNHA, Débora Suely Anjos; PEREIRA, José Almir Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9918600634569244
Belém Metropolitan Region has few and incomplete informations about production and destination of sewage sludge, because just little part of the sludge generated in septic tank and collective Sewage Works is throwed away without control in Aurá Sanitary Landfill. Because of this, is usual to throw the sludge in water bodies and in the ground, worsen the problems of pollution/contamination in the urban areas. Therefore, this work has the objective of analyzing the increase of production of sludge and evaluate the impact in the Aurá Sanitary Landfill. The search was developed in Belém Metropolitan Region, composed by Belém, Ananindeua, Benevides, Marituba and Santa Bárbara do Pará. It was divided in 2 stages. In the first stage it was estimated the production of the sludge (brute and drained) of septic tanks and in the collective Sewage Works during 2009 to 2030, and the second one was the availability of an area to disposal in the Aurá Sanitary Landfill. In the period studied, it was verified that by the way of the increase of the content of sludge drainage doesn’t has too many impact in the content of the residence solid waste, the deficiency of the available areas in the Aurá Sanitary Landfill is a problem that has to be solved as soon as possible, otherwise residence solid waste and sewage sludge produced in Belém Metopolitan Region won’t be well disposal, as a matter of fact that the prevision is the fast implicate of the free content of Aurá Sanitary Landfill.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Concentrações plasmáticas de rifampicina em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-01) BELEZA, Breno Kristoffer Uchôa; VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2739079559531098
Tuberculosis is an infectious-contagious disease that is still considered a major public health problem worldwide. Brazil is one of the 22 countries in the world responsible for 80% of the cases of the disease, and the highest incidence rates are observed in the North, Southeast and Northeast regions. The standard treatment regimen is composed of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. The clinical outcome is associated with the blood concentrations of these drugs after the use of therapeutic doses, however, despite the high incidence of the Brazilian disease, the concentrations of these drugs have not been evaluated in these patients, which is relevant mainly for rifampicin, given the high variability of concentrations in biological fluids after therapy. Therefore, a prospective case study was carried out to determine the concentrations of rifampicin by high performance liquid chromatography in patients with active tuberculosis treated in the city of Belém. Fifty patients were included in the study, however, there was a loss of clinical follow-up of 20 patients (40%), whose main reason was the abandonment of treatment. The social and demographic aspects of the others indicate a higher occurrence of the disease in males, low education, residents in the metropolitan area of Belém and in the productive age group. Rifampicin concentrations in the two treatment phases ranged from 0.6 μg / ml to 0.73 μg / ml. There was no significant difference in blood drug concentrations between treatment phases, however, rifampicin levels were significantly higher in women.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do tratamento com formalina e sulfato de cobre sobre os parâmetros hematológicos e parasitos monogenéticos em juvenis de Hemigrammus sp. (Osteichthyes: Characidae)
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2013-06) PAIXÃO, Luciana Farias; SANTOS, Rudã Fernandes Brandão; RAMOS, Fabrício Menezes; FUJIMOTO, Rodrigo Yudi
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of formalin and copper sulphate to controlm onogeneans injuvenile Hemigrammus spand its effect on leukocyte count. We used acompletely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. All treatments lasted for three days and consisted of: T1, control; T2 and T3 immersion bath for one hour in formalin, an of two concentrations of 0.25ml formalin and the other 0.1mlL-1; the T4 bath for 24 hours with 0,025 ml of formalin-L -1; and T5, bath 24 hours with copper sulphate (0.3 mgL-1). After the experimental period was observed that T2, 100% mortality. The T3 and T5 provided 100% efficiency, however, fish presented mortalities and intoxication of the 66 and 80% respectively. T4 showed an efficacy of 77.7% and decrease in parasitological indices: total number of parasites of 11, 3 ± 9, mean infection intensity of 3.2 ± 2 and a prevalence of 47.1%. As the leukocytes was observed that at T3, T4 and T5 occurred differences in the proportionof lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophilsas compared to control. The CuSO4 and formalin reduce the parasite load, but presented to be toxicat higher concentrations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo de viabilidade econômica da implantação de leito de secagem para tratamento de efluentes sanitários gerados em uma mineradora no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-28) FERREIRA, Cleyton Eduardo Costa; MENDONÇA, Neyson Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7534816053779593
Waste management is one of the main challenges of modern society, especially when it comes to finding more sustainable and economical alternatives for the treatment and disposal of these materials. In this context, biosolids, a byproduct generated from wastewater treatment, have been identified as a possible source of nutrients and organic matter for agriculture and other sectors, thus contributing to a more circular economy. Biosolids contain a large amount of nutrients that can be used to improve soil quality and increase agricultural productivity (OLIVEIRA et al., 2018). In addition, the use of biosolids as fertilizer can reduce the need for chemical inputs, contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact associated with final disposal (RIBEIRO et al., 2015). This study was conducted in a mining company in the state of Pará, Brazil, which has eight decentralized anaerobic wastewater treatment plants. The study aimed to define the treatment route for biosolids, as well as to evaluate the economic viability of implementing a drying bed for the production of biosolids to be applied in the restoration of degraded areas. It was found that 11,776 kg of total suspended solids (TSS) per year of sludge are generated, resulting in the design of a drying bed with three cells, each with 22 m², an operation cycle of 25 days, and a Surface Application Rate of 13.30 Kg TSS/m²xdia. For sanitization, CaO was chosen. The implementation cost of the drying bed was R$ 100,358.70, operational costs were R$ 2,059.62/month, and the solution via incineration was R$ 18,415.80/month. Based on the simple and discounted payback, the investment returns in approximately 7.14 and 7.19 months, respectively, and is part of the synergistic costs with the current sanitation management. The other indicators point to the investment as viable and capable of financial surplus. Therefore, the company will have financial and environmental gains with the implementation of the project.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evaluation of the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in coinfected patients (HIV/HCV): a study of cases from a hospital for chronic liver diseases in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
(2013-02) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; MÓIA, Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; BARBOSA, Maria Silvia de Brito; DEMACHKI, Samia; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic response of hepatitis C in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). METHODS: A retrospective study of 20 patients coinfected with HIV-1/HCV who were treated in the outpatient liver clinic at the Sacred House of Mercy Foundation Hospital of Pará (Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará - FSCMPA) from April 2004 to June 2009. Patients were treated with 180µg PEG interferon-α2a in combination with ribavirin (1,000 to 1,250mg/day) for 48 weeks. The end point was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate (HCV RNA negative 24 weeks after completing treatment). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 40±9.5 years, of which 89% (n=17) were male, and the HCV genotypes were genotype 1 (55%, n=11/20), genotype 2 (10%, n=2/20) and genotype 3 (35%, n=7/20). The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count was 507.8, and the liver fibrosis stages were (METAVIR) F1 (25%), F2 (55%), F3 (10%) and F4 (10%). The early virological response (EVR) was 60%, the end-of-treatment virological response (EOTVR) was 45% and the SVR was 45%. CONCLUSIONS: The median HCV viral load was high, and in 85% of cases in which highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was used, none of the patients with F3-F4 fibrosis responded to treatment. Of the twenty patients treated, 45% achieved SVR and 45% achieved EOTVR. Studies that include cases from a wider region are needed to better evaluate these findings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes
(2009-11) VEROCAI, Guilherme Gomes; FERNANDES, Julio Israel; AZEVEDO, Thaís Ribeiro Correia; MELO, Raquel Moreira Pires dos Santos; ALVES, Pedro Afonso de Preaulx Moreira; SCOTT, Fabio Barbour; GRISI, Laerte
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered albendazole sulphoxide and pour-on ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. Eighteen Gyr cows presenting clinical otitis were divided in three groups with six animals each. The first one did not receive any treatment (control group). The second one was treated with 0.5% pour-on ivermectin, 500µg/kg of body weight, and the third group was treated with oral 6% albendazole sulphoxide, at 6.0mg/kg. Both ear canals of each animal were reexamined on days 7 and 21 post treatment. The animals in the control group remained infected throughout the days of observation. Ivermectin treatment did not show effectiveness on days 7 or 21 post treatment. The albendazole sulphoxide treatment had an efficacy of 16.7 and 25% on days 7 and 21, respectively. Further studies are required to assess an effective treatment for this parasitic disease, especially via alternative administration routes, because of its significant impact on Bos taurus indicus cattle breeding in Tropical and Subtropical Regions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Isolamento e quantificação de flavonóides e abordagem das atividades antioxidante e antimicrobiana de Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-12-30) VEIGA, Andrex Augusto Silva da; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
Jatropha gossypiifolia L (Euphobeaceae), known in Pará as “Pião roxo” is used for treatment of hemorroids, burns, stomach pains among other diseases, the importance of this plant to this region has led to its research in order to improve its phytotherapeutic development. During the analysis, the chromatographic profiles of its Crude Ethanolic Extract (CEE)was determined using Thin Layer chromatography (TLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) methods. The total and isolated flavonoids quantities were determined. Antimicrobial activity essays of the crude ethanolic extract were also conducted and the fractions obtained (hexanic, chloroform, ethyl acetate and residual fractions). The antioxidant activities of the extract and the fractions were also characterized. The plant materials were collected from EMBRAPA medicinal plants garden in the east Amazon and then extracted through percolation to obtain crude ethanolic extract. The dry extract was obtained using low pressure rotative evaporator followed by liquid-liquid partition with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate successively. The fractions obtained were also concentrated at low pressure, The ethyl acetate fractions were re-fractioned, giving rise to acetone fraction (ActF-II), a new ethyl acetate (AF-II), methanolic fraction (MF-II) and a solid residue (SR-II). ActF-II was submitted to liquid chromatography at average pressure, resulting in sub-fractions like Fr ActS-II and Fr ActS3-II called Jg1 and Jg2, respectively. Chemical prospection of the Extract and the metabolite fractions were conducted in triplicates, leading to the observation of the presence of the following polyphenols: Catechines, Tannins and flavonoids. The analysis by thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was conducted using eluent of ethyl acetate/formic acid/glacial acetic acid/water at (100:11:11:26) on a normal phase silica gel, showing the retention factors in the following zones:0.65, 0.72, and 0.77 in reaction to Fecl3 solution . The HPLC chromatogram of ethanolic crude extract presented three significant peaks with average values of RT: 13.2 min, 15.02 min, and 16.00 min whose spectra are characteristics of flavonoids. On calculating the flavonoid quantity using the average absorbance reading (A=0.874), 2.02% flavonoid was found. The concentrations for each isolated substances was 340ug for Jg1 and 406 ug for Jg2 per milliliter of extract solution. Regarding the biological activity tested AF-1 and Fr-1 inhibited growths of S. aureus and C.albicans and also manifested a great antioxidant potential. These results provide adequate polyphenol parameters for quality control serving as chemical markers and their possible quantities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Protocolo de diagnóstico e tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica no Diabetes Mellitus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-23) OLIVEIRA, Cássio Antônio Bezerra de; QUEIROZ, Natércia Neves Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5359261920325026; FELÍCIO, João Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8482132737976863
Hypertension is a chronic disease that often accompanies diabetes mellitus and the relationship between the two is complex. Like diabetes, it is an important cardiovascular risk factor and microvascular complications, such as nephropathy and retinopathy, and has higher health costs than diabetes itself. The treatment of hypertension in diabetes has been widely debated and there is still a need to reach a consensus on treatment goals and strategies. The objective of the present study was to develop a clinical protocol on the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in diabetes mellitus whose main foundation was its applicability in the Brazilian public health system, focusing on medical adherence to recommendations, the impact of applying the evidence in primary and secondary care, and the evolution of health quality in these scenarios. To this end, an integrative literature review was carried out, selecting health articles based on the quality of evidence located in the PUBMED database and published in the last 20 years (2004-2024). Five researchers were responsible for selecting those with the best quality of evidence. National and international guidelines and works published by the UFPA diabetes clinical research group were also used. In the end, 106 articles were selected as theoretical references for preparing the protocol. The results were synthesized in the form of a clinical protocol containing concise texts and teaching resources (27 tables, 3 flowcharts and 1 figure) that will guarantee safety in clinical decision-making in primary and secondary health care settings, configuring a practical guide on the topic in question.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Protocolo de diagnóstico e tratamento da Neuropatia Diabética
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-09) VIEIRA, Jocyelle Nascimento; FELÍCIO, João Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8482132737976863
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is currently the most frequently observed chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and, at the same time, the most underdiagnosed, affecting up to half of these patients, depending on the diagnostic methodology used. It generally affects individuals with a long duration of the disease (>10 years), however, it may be present at diagnosis in patients with DM2 or manifest early, within the first five years of the disease, in patients with DM1. Additionally, once diagnosed, DN is usually irreversible, but its appropriate management in patients with early diagnosis increases the possibility of regression and stabilization of the disease, considerably delaying and preventing the onset of complications. The objective of this work was to create a protocol for diagnosing and treating diabetic neuropathy in an objective and didactic manner, with a focus on helping general practitioners and specialists, both in primary and tertiary care. The protocol was prepared using the integrative literature review method, which was divided into 6 phases. The first phase consisted of preparing the guiding question to define the studies to be included and then an integrative review was carried out in the PUBMED and SciElo databases with the terms “NEUROPATHY”, “TREATMENT”, “DIAGNOSIS”, “NEUROPATHY DIABETIC” and its counterparts in Portuguese. Guidelines from the main national and international diabetes scientific societies, one book and relevant information from relevant websites were also included. After data collection and analysis, 106 materials were used as theoretical references for the preparation of this protocol. This resulted in the construction of didactic and objective tables, charts and flowcharts. The clinical applicability of the study consists of providing a tool, not only for the specialist, but for the general practitioner at different levels of health care, with the aim of enabling effective care for individuals with DN. Thus, the main contributions of the protocol were the development of a total of 20 didactic and visual tools aimed at the prevention, tracking, diagnosis and treatment of DN. 5 flowcharts, 4 charts and 2 tables are authored by the author.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quinine levels in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Amazon region of Brazil
(2008-10) VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; BORGES, Larissa Maria Guimarães; NASCIMENTO, Margareth Tavares Silva; GOMES, Andreza de Lourdes Souza
We examined the plasmatic concentrations of quinine in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in an endemic area of the Amazon region in Brazil in a prospective clinical trial, in which a standard three-day course of oral quinine plus doxycycline was used. We measured the quinine in the plasma samples on days 0 and 3by high performance liquid chromatography. The mean concentration of quinine was 6.04 ±2.21 µg/mL in male patients and 5.98 ±1.95 µg/mL in female patients. No significant differences in quinine concentration were observed between these two groups. All samples collected before starting treatment were negative for quinine. This information could help in the development of strategies for the rational use of antimalarial drugs in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Realidade aumentada no auxílio da terapia de exposição: uma visão clínica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-08) RODRIGUES, Jocenildo Abreu; FÜLBER, Heleno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5018616409948511; MERLIN, Bruno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7336467549495208; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7327-9960
Fear of animals and insects is a widespread condition that affects thousands of people around the world. The disease can be so severe that it interferes considerably with a person's daily life. This study aimed to examine the limitations and perspectives of clinical experts on the application of augmented reality (AR) in the treatment of phobias. The methodology used was action research, involving cooperation and participation between researchers and participants, enabling the analysis and resolution of problems in the clinical context. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews with therapists focused on specific phobias. Thematic analysis of the data revealed main and secondary themes, addressing clinical needs, software requirements, and feasibility of implementing AR in the treatment of phobias. Based on the identified requirements, augmented reality scenarios were created and the FobiAR mobile application was developed. The findings demonstrated that AR may be a promising alternative to conventional exposure therapy, offering a more immersive and controlled environment to patients. The FobiAR application received validation from the interviewed professionals, indicating potential for clinical application.