Navegando por Assunto "Unidades de terapia intensiva"

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de percepções e ações de cuidados bucais realizados por equipes de enfermagem em unidades de tratamento intensivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03) ARAÚJO, Rodolfo José Gomes de; OLIVEIRA, Layla Cristine Gomes de; HANNA, Leila Maués Oliveira; CORRÊA, Adriano Maia; CARVALHO, Liliane Helena Vilar; ALVARES, Nair Carolina do Socorro Ferreira
Objectives: A study was carried out, by means of a questionnaire for guided interviews seeking to establish a profile of perceptions and oral care given by ICU nursing team to patients in intensive care units. Methods: The target population consisted of nursing practitioners divided in three education categories: nurses, nursing technicians and auxiliary nurses working at public and private hospital institutions providing for intensive care unit patients in Belem-PA. Dentistry experience has developed in this field reporting scientific findings and practical applications on prevention and reestablishment of the oral health in question. Results: This survey disclosed results suggesting that oral hygiene care given to intensive care units patients is insufficient and inadequate requiring changes be made in the care now provided in the nosocomial environment by the nursing team. Conclusion: Presence of a dentist, knowledge of preventive dentistry, dissemination and use of oral hygiene specific resources are means suggested in an attempt to resolve difficulties found in oral health maintenance and treatment of oral diseases that affect the general health of hospitalized individuals. Interdisciplinary action for these individuals is advocated to achieve a better quality of life by preventing or minimizing oral pathologies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desamparo, transferência e hospitalização em Centro de Terapia Intensiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-06-26) LEVY, Elizabeth Samuel; MOREIRA, Ana Cleide Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9245673017553186
The primary purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the concept of helplessness in the Freudian theory, articulating it with three clinical case studies. The patients were admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (UTI) of the Barros Barreto University Hospital, in the city of Belem - Pará, in the Northern part of Brazil. Transference between patients ant therapist allowed us to identify and work the intense feeling of helplessness when faced with so much suffering during their hospitalization. We believe that, by listening to their suffering, being it spoken by words or by any possible language in face of the reality derived from the actual use of devices and probes we could aid them to symbolize those painful experiences. As far as counter transference is concerned the hospital environment led us to search a broader literature more useful when working in a strictly medical environment. In such cases, we support the idea that, although we are not working in the classical psychoanalytical setting, transference and a good holding and handling of the patients, allow them to act creatively on their internal and external world, and seek to overcome, though never definitively, their helplessness, giving new meanings to their illness, their hospitalization and even in their lives.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma experiência de plantão psicológico no CTI: semera e acolher
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) SOUZA, Bianca Nascimento de; SOUZA, Airle Miranda de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5311796283730540
This study evaluates the implementation and development of the Psychological Attendance Emergency Service within an Intensive Care Unit - ICU of an university hospital linked to the public health system, in Belém city (Pará). The service has been offered to patients family members as well as to professionals of the intensive care team within the ICU, working in the lobby of the sector, twice a week for four months. The author aimed to understand the theoretical and methodological assumptions that grounds this type of care, as well as the setting characteristics in which they relate to the objectives, roles and functions of the emergency psychology service, as well as emergencies revealed in this context, both founded on the Person-Centered Approach (PCA) It has been chosen the phenomenological qualitative research method to evaluate the trajectories of seeding and germination of the Psychological Emergency Attendance Consultation. Besides that, six clinicals cases were analyzed, to borrow better understanding of this kind of psychological care in the ICU. Related to profile of the persons studied it was observed that was mostly comprised by family members, women ages 20 to 75 years on average, with the Elementary school and income of a minimum wage per month. The results indicate the necessity and feasibility of provision of Psychological Emergency Attendance Service in the ICU; the urgent demands for psychological help, have been unfolded within the meanings that clients attributed to their experiences, such as, fear of the family deaths, feelings of family abandonment, guilt for not being able to stay by his side, intense grief because of health or when they died, among other.s It also unveiled two types of consultation: the individual and the group, considering the demands specificities . It has been emphasized the availability of care emergencies, welcoming and encouraging communication. Therefore, it is consider that provision of Psychological Emergency Attendance Service in ICU was revealed as necessary as well as a space to psychological care which has been accepted, used and legitimated by clients. It was also set at two different moments, before and after the visits. Regarding the first , we can distinguish the interventions addressed to wellcoming and strengthening the organization of the self, while after the visists, the interventions aimed at helping clients in reframing their threatening experiences as well as helping them reorganize the self.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatores de risco para pneumonia associada a ventilação mecânica: estudo de caso controle
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) MARSOLA, Lourival Rodrigues; SOUSA, Rita Catarina Medeiros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560941703812539
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Understanding the risk factors for VAP can help to assess prognosis and devise and test preventive strategies. To identify the factors associated with development of VAP and its incidence, a restrospective non-matched case-control study was conducted in a 10-bed surgical-medical intensive care unit at a university hospital in Belém city, Brazil, from January 2003 to July 2004. The primary outcome measured was risk factors associated with VAP, which was defined according to The Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Demographic and time-dependent variables reflecting ventilation, nutrition, drug exposure, associated morbidities and invasive devices were analyzed. Twenty seven VAP patients and 27 controls were studied. Crude rate of pneumonia and incidence of VAP were, respectively, 10.6% and 12.3 episodes/1000 VM-days. The mean time for the onset of VAP was 14.29 ± 9.16 days. Mean ICU length of stay in patients with and without VAP were 34.2 ± 27.7 and 15.4 ± 13.6 days, respectively (p=0.003). Crude mortality was similar in both groups, 66.7% for cases and 55.6% for controls (OR=1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53- 4.82; p=0.576). Univariate analysis demonstrated aerosol therapy (OR=4.75; p=0.01) and neuromuscular blockade (OR=8.61; p=0.003) associated with higher risk of VAP. In summary, neuromuscular blockade and aerosol therapy were associated with an increased risk for the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia and both are potentially modifiable risk factors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
ICB/PPGBAIP Estudo da ocorrência e perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de pacientes e profissionais de saúde na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de hospital público de Rio Branco-AC
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-07) LAVIOLA GARCÊZ, Poliana Torres; LOUREIRO, Edvaldo Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685418720563351
The nosocomial infection is a serious public health problem worldwide, mainly in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, which are subject to greater risk due to the severity of clinical symptoms, constant use of broad spectrum antibiotics and frequency of use of invasive procedures. Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen that colonizes healthy individuals and is also responsible for infections in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to identify the resistance profile, main sites affected by infection and possible risk factors associated with infection or colonization by S. aureus isolated from patients and healthcare professionals from the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Emergency and Emergency, Rio Branco (HUERB) – Acre. We developed a cross-sectional study, conducted between January to August 2009. To search for carriers, biological samples were collected from microbiota of patients and professionals and professionals hand washing. For a survey of cases of patients with nosocomial infection were collected biological samples from sites suspected of being affected, 72 hours from the date of admission until discharge, transfer or death. Of the 62 patients enrolled in the study, 19.3% were carriers and 6.4% developed nosocomial infections by S. aureus, and 35 professionals, 28.6% were carriers of S. aureus. It was the second most bacterial species isolated from patients, and was the fifth most isolated from cases of nosocomial infection. There was no statistical evidence for the variable state of coma, use of invasive procedures and state of carrier patient are considered risk factors for acquiring nosocomial S. aureus in this study. The anatomical sites affected by IH by S. aureus were the respiratory tract ( n=2), followed by blood (n=1). The sample catheter tip was responsible for one insulated. One (1.6%) patient developed IH by MRSA, and 5 (8,1%) patients and 2 ( 5.7%) professionals were MRSA carriers, low occurrence as it relates to the results of the rest of Brazil and world. We also emphasize the incidence of MRSA over MSSA and low antomicrobial resistance of MRSA demonstrating that the UTI-HUERB, the IH S. aureus does not constitute a public health problem. There were no isolates of S. aureus resistant to vancomicina, wich can be considered a therapeutic option for cases of IH by MRSA. It is worth emphasizing the importance of this study in Acre State, for being the first of its kind in the UTI, involving S. aureus and MRSA.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O que os pediatras conhecem sobre avaliação e tratamento da dor no recém-nascido?
(2003-06) CHERMONT, Aurimery Gomes; GUINSBURG, Ruth; BALDA, Rita de Cássia Xavier; KOPELMAN, Benjamin Israel
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the knowledge of pediatricians who work with neonatal patients regarding the evaluation and treatment of pain in newborn infants. METHODS: cross-sectional study of 104 pediatricians (out of 110) who were working during 1999 to 2001 in seven intensive care units and 14 nurseries in the city of Belém (Pará). The pediatricians answered a questionnaire about their demographic profile and their knowledge of pain evaluation and pain relief methods during the neonatal period. RESULTS: 100% of the pediatricians believed that newborns feel pain, but only one-third of them declared to know any scale for the evaluation of pain for this age group. The majority of the interviewees perceived the presence of pain in newborns by means of behavioral parameters. Crying was the preferential parameter to evaluate pain in full-term newborns; facial activity was the parameter chosen for premature infants; and heart rate for mechanically ventilated neonates. Less than 10% of the pediatricians reported using analgesia for venous and capillary puncture, while 30 to 40% said that they used analgesia for lumbar puncture, venous dissection, chest tube placement and mechanical ventilation. Less than half of those interviewed reported applying postoperative pain relief measures following abdominal surgery. Opioid was the most frequent medication for analgesia (60%), followed by midazolam (30%). CONCLUSION: these results demonstrate that it is necessary to refresh and update pediatricians' knowledge about pain assessment and relief.