Navegando por Assunto "Uso e cobertura da terra"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises das paisagens da ilha de Cotijuba: através do mapeamento das unidades geoambientais, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-21) SILVA, Elias Klelington Leocádio Rodrigues da; ALMEIDA, Arlete Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1511094180664778
The present research looks at the Cotijuba Island, Belém / PA, located in the island region of the municipality of Belém. The study turns to the geoenvironmental theme from the integrated analysis of the landscape. The choice of this study area is justified, because in the last decades Cotijuba has undergone a rampant urbanization process, with irrational use of its resources, generating deforestation for the extraction of wood and removal of sand for civil construction. Thus, we sought to map the geoenvironmental units of Cotijuba Island, based on a survey of the elements that make up the landscape. The methodology followed the following steps: Bibliographic survey that enabled the survey of concepts that were guiding factors for the development of the research, Field study that allowed the survey of data and analyzes that are only possible with the measurement in loco, and Laboratory study that was essential to the development of the research, using techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing that linked to the GIS allowed the making of all cartographic products presented in the research. For the mapping of land use and land cover classes, the Envi 5.1 software was used for supervised classification, extracting a Kappa index of 0.96. For the study of landscape metrics of forest fragments, the software arcgis 10.1 was used from the extension Partch Analyzes. In both procedures, the Sentinel-2 satellite image from the year 2018 was used. For the production of the MDEs, the Alos Palsar radar image was used, which allowed the analysis of the island's altimetry and slope. The mapping of the variables: geology, geomorphology and pedology, were carried out using information collected in the field and analysis of the results obtained from the products made in the Sentinel-2 and Alos Palsar image, based on Florenzano's remote sensing techniques methodology ( 2007). In view of this, the mapping of the Five Geoenvironmental Units of Cotijuba Island was made, highlighting their general characteristics. The results showed that Cotijuba needs a Management and Management plan on a municipal scale aimed at conserving natural resources and promoting the generation of jobs and income for the local community. In this sense, it is expected that the products raised here will serve as subsidies for them. Thus, ecotourism and the implementation of ecological corridors are suggested as measures to mitigate the problems presented here.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica de uso e cobertura da terra em imóveis rurais sob conflito agrário no Estado do Pará, Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-27) SARAIVA, Gisele de Souza; SANTOS JUNIOR, Roberto Araújo de Oliveira; ADAMI, Marcos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484071887086439; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-4477
The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamics of land use and land cover and its relation to the presence of litigation in the rural areas, subject to possessory actions of the Land Judge of the Castanhal Region of the Court of Justice of the State of Pará. For this, we have mapped 144 processes (properties), from their cartographic data, and analyzed the situations and procedural characteristics. Then, the land use classes observed in these properties were quantified in the period from 2004 to 2014, based on data from the TERRACLASS / PRODES project. In addition, the dynamics of land use transition were analyzed. Finally, it was also related the types of use mapped with the presence or not of the conflict by the ownership of the land. The main methodologies used were the transition matrix technique and the ANOVA statistic. The results showed that, in the analyzed properties, the predominant classes of land use were Forest, Secondary Vegetation and Pasture. The Forest class accounted for about 70% of the landscape in the mapped areas. And, around 95% of this forested area remained unchanged throughout the study period, although deforestation of approximately 25,000 hectares was recorded. In the deforested areas, 43% were converted to pasture and 34% to secondary vegetation. The Annual Agriculture class increased from 44.65 ha in 2004 to 8,027.19 ha in 2014, of which 80% came from grazing. About 24% of the increment of pasture area came from forest in 2014. In addition, there was a progressive increase of urbanization in these rural properties. The relationship between the presence of judicial agrarian litigation showed that there was an effect of the group (rural properties with and without agrarian conflict) on the classes of land use and land cover, so that at least one of the groups is statistically different. Thus, for the Agriculture (Ag) and Other (Or) use classes there was a statistical difference between the groups, whereas for Forest (Fl) and secondary vegetation (SV) there was no.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fragilidade ambiental na bacia do rio Mocajuba - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-17) CAVALCANTE, Juliane da Costa; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0187
The hydrographic basin of the Mocajuba River has been densely occupied by the expansion of human activities. In this way, anthropization jeopardizes the permanence of the natural ecosystems and mangroves in this region. In this context, this work presents the dynamics of the landscape in the Mocajuba River basin between 1999 and 2018 and its implications for the natural fragility of the basin and the continuity of the mangroves in this region. To this end, the research is divided into the following items: (1) Analysis of land use and land cover in the hydrographic basin of Rio Mocajuba - PA, using the Object Oriented Classification (GEOBIA) and the Google Earth Engine platform as methods (GHG), in conjunction with the Random Forest classifier. (2) Application of the Potential and Emerging Environmental Fragility methodology, using natural data from the basin (pedology, geological units, altimetry and rainfall) in conjunction with anthropogenic data (land use and cover). (3) Temporal analysis of the mangroves in the basin between 1984 and 2018, observing the expansion and regression of this ecosystem, as well as the anthropic and environmental tensors to which they are susceptible. The land use and land cover classification methodologies presented different quantifications and accuracy. For 1999, the GEOBIA and Random Forest classification presented a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 and 0.92, respectively. For 2018, the coefficient was 0.73 and 0.8, respectively. For both methodologies, the class of Forestry Formation suffered a decrease and Non-Forestry increased. For the Mangrove class, the GEOBIA classification quantified an increase and the Random Forest decrease. In the environmental fragility methodology, the levels of potential and emerging fragility obtained were low, medium and high. Where 19.92%, 76.67% and 3.41% of the basin showed low, medium and high potential fragility, respectively. For emergent fragility, the mangrove and non-forest areas increased the natural fragility of the basin and the forest formation class provided an attenuation of this. In this case, the areas of low, medium and high emerging fragility were quantified at 18.39%, 67.57% and 14.04%, respectively. Mangrove areas decreased between 1984-1999 and 1999-2018. The data presented confirm the expansion of the anthropization of the basin and the interference of human activities in the dynamics and response of the mangroves in the face of natural tensors. As confirmed by the increase in the natural fragility of the basin provided by the expansion of these activities. In this way, the research becomes relevant for providing a systemic analysis between different areas, seeking to understand the functioning of the basin ecosystem, assisting in future research and initiatives.