Navegando por Assunto "Vegetable fiber"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento e caracterização acústica de painéis multicamadas unifibra, multifibras e mesclados, fabricados a partir de fibras vegetais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12-01) BASTOS, Leopoldo Pacheco; MELO, Gustavo da Silva Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8850986817571748
In a time when high noise levels are part of people’s daily lives, the search for noise control is not only evident, but providential. Currently, noise pollution, to a worldwide level, is not more serious than air and water pollution only. In Brazil, the situation is not different because it is estimated that more than 15 million people have some kind of hearing loss degree due to this environmental problem. Acoustic devices such as panels, barriers, etc., when of high efficiency, generally, are of difficult acquisition due to high costs, turning, in many cases, their use impracticable, mainly for limited budget small-sized companies. Thus, alternative solutions, starting with new acoustic materials that are less costly and have satisfactory performance, emerge as a great option. Considering the global environmental trends, the use of vegetable fibers is a great opportunity to aggregate value, and technological development for agricultural producing countries, like Brazil. Beyond that, such fibers are easy to get, exist in abundance, are non toxic and derive from renewable sources. This work will present the methodology of development of panels made from vegetable fibers (açaí, coconut, sisal and palm) and binding agent based on acrylate and water, as well as the methodology used to characterize them acoustically on a scale model reverberant chamber, based on ISO 354/1999. These panels are made of pressed layers of fibers interspersed with layers of binding agent. The fibers are extracted, washed, dried, and treated when necessary, while the binding agent is obtained commercially. The panels sound absorption data are obtained through a four channel frequency analyzer using the noise interruption method. Comparison of results between alternative and conventional material based panels allows to the conclusion that the acoustical performance shown by some newly developed panels are very satisfactory, since their sound absorption coefficients were compatible, and in some cases, higher to those presented by conventional materials in a given frequency range. Finally, a numerical-experimental comparison is performed in order to evaluate the influence of sisal absorbing panels over the acoustics characteristics of a small classroom.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da técnica de infusão de resina aplicada à fabricação de compósitos de matriz poliéster reforçados por fibras naturais da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-26) RODRIGUES, Jean da Silva; FUJIYAMA, Roberto Tetsuo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3165747089941318; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
In this work were produced unsaturated polyester composites reinforced by fibers of curaua, jute and raffia, arranged in the form of fabric in plan style and aligned fibers. The composites were manufactured by resin infusion process, studying the main parameters that govern the manufacturing method, such as permeability and porosity of the reinforcement and architecture of infusion. Natural fibers were characterized according to their physical, morphological and mechanical properties. The curaua fiber reinforced composites were made using fibers in nature and treated by an alkaline NaOH solution at different concentrations. The composites were characterized in tests of tensile and impact strength, beyond of the determination of their physical properties such as density, porosity and volume fractions of the constituents. The results showed that the composites obtained better performance in tensile and impact were those reinforced with aligned curaua fibers manufactured under vacuum of 101.3 kPa. The evaluation of the cross section of the specimens showed that composites can provide partial saturation of wires or fiber reinforcement due to the vacuum level used mainly in reinforcements in the form of fabric with relatively larger diameter wires. The infusion process proved to be a good method of making composites reinforced with natural fibers, because in addition to being more environmentally friendly because it is a closed mold process, enabled the manufacture of products with high fiber content and good mechanical properties.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fabricação e caracterização de material compósito de resina poliéster reforçada por tecido de fibra de tururi extraído da palmeira de ubuçu (Manicaria saccifera)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-20) DUARTE, Cláudio; FUJIYAMA, Roberto Tetsuo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3165747089941318
The proposition of this work is to present and characterize a composite material produced with a polymeric matrix reinforced with natural fibers. The matrix is an insaturated teraftalic polyester pre -accelerated with the commercial name of Denverpoly 754 and the peroxide of MEK (Butanox M-50 ) as a catalyst in a proportion of 0,33% in volume. The natural fiber used was the “tururi”, obtained in the Marajó region, in the municipalite of Muaná. This fiber was submitted to two types of aperture in the transversal axis, in a proportion of 50% and 100% of the original width. The fabrication method of the composite was made through a manual lamination process (hand lay up) using a controlled pression by weights previously quantified. Phisycal, mechanical and microscopic characteristics were obtained for the fiber and the composite material , and in this way , the traction resistence, specific mass, weight of the fabric , mass fraction and microscopic image before and after the traction tests for the fiber fabric were made, and tests of traction for the composite material. The fabric of tururi, has shown a traction resistence of 29,95 MPa (without aperture), 12,27 MPa (aperture of 50%) and 9,38 MPa (aperture of 100% ). The aperture produces a reduction of the traction the resistence of the tururi fabric, and consequently reducing the traction resistence of the material. The weight of the fabric was reduced with the aperture. The mass fraction of the fabric of the composite was 14,39%(without aperture), 9,35 % (aperture of 50%) and 7,19% (aperture f 100%). The traction resistance was of 35,76 MPA (withot perture), 19,01 (50% aperture) and 16,8 MPa (100% aperture). The mechanical resistence has shown values much like those encountered in the literature for composites reinforced with natural fibers. The images obtained with swapping electronic microscopie, validated the mechanical properties obtained for each situation of the material and fibers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Laminado de madeira reforçado com fibras naturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) SARAIVA, Marcelo Pires; FUJIYAMA, Roberto Tetsuo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3165747089941318
Towards the implementation of renewable natural resources of the Amazon, between these natural fibers. This paper presents the proposed fabrication and caracterization of wooden laminated matriz composites reinforced with polyester and natural fibers. The matrix is an unsaturated and pre-accelerated terephthalic polyester obtained commercially (Duverpoly 754) and a peroxide curing agent MEK (BUTANOX M-50) at a rate of 0.33 % vol. The natural fibers used for each sample of manufactured laminate were Tururi fiber tissue, sisal fibers and defibrated curauá and wood laminates known as Imbuia. The Turui tissue used with reinforcement was used in two ways: without opening and 100% opening relative to the original width. The curauá and sisal fibers were cut into lengths of 50 mm in the form of pre-preg. The manufacture of the laminated material was done by hand lay-up following controlled pressure through a hydraulic press with a constant pressure of 2 ton. Mechanical and microscopic characteristic were obtained for wood laminates. The wood laminates were assayed having two orientations of 90° and 0° of fiber orientation. The laminate of 0° degree showed the best result with a value corresponding to 35, 64 (MPa) compared to the value of 0,40 (MPa) of the lamina 90°. The tests of the laminates made of wood/Tururi without opening, wood/Tururi with opening 100%, wood/sisal fiber length of 50 mm, wood/curauá fiber length of 50 mm, wood/wood with an orientation of 90 ° the direction of the fibers, respectively achieved the following results in the Attraction tests: 61,33 (MPa), 57,27 (MPa), 49, 27 (MPa), 53, 76 (MPa) and 68, 29 (MPa), being that the laminate / wood presented the best results and lower mechanical strength was recorded for the wood laminate reinforced with sisal fibers. The images obtained in scanning electron microscopy corroborate the mechanical properties obtained for each situation of the manufactured material and fiber.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfis de polietileno reciclado carregado com fibra de açaí
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-19) BRITO, Paulo Roberto de Oliveira; DIAS, Carmen Gilda Barroso Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2113791118142177
Were obtained porous tubular profiles, polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene/fiber açai (PE/PA) 80/20 extruded from granulated particles of high-density polyethylene packaging recycled post-consumer 600 μm, and this with fiber açaí 300 μm. For parts processing was developed a mono-screw extruder bench, with System Mechanic powered by an electric motor of ½ HP (0.37 kw) controlled by a frequency inverter with cannons, bagels, array and replaceable heating system. To allow a preview of didactic equipment operating conditions so simplified were conducted tests with paraffin in glass ranging from Cannon-if the screw rotation speeds and temperature profile, adjusting mass flow and pressure in the output. For extrusion of profiles theological tests were conducted with porous of PE and PE/FA screw, barrel being selected and aluminum matrix; bagel with step 9 mm and length diameter ratio (L/D) 22, composed of an element mixer and a floating element in the zone of flow control; angle between the axis and thread screw 17 air gap between the screw and barrel 0.15 mm; 1.3 rpm rotation; heating along the cannon 120º C; tubular array with 21 mm internal diameter and Chuck 19 mm outside diameter. PE profiles and PE/FA showed average pore diameter 0.7 and 0.6 mm; specific gravity to water at a point 28º C 0.77 and 0.73; modulus GPa 1.002 and 2.601 and maximum apparent swelling of extruded 100 and 80%.