Navegando por Assunto "Vertebrados"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da paisagem sobre a diversidade de vertebrados terrestres em fragmentos florestais na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01-17) SILVA, Jacqueline Almeida da; MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7967540224850999
Context: The advance of anthropic activities on the Amazonian frontier has provoked an intense process of forest fragmentation that reduces biodiversity and subjects the species to a situation of high vulnerability. Objectives: To test the relation of fragment size, isolation and characterization of the forest fragments matrix, on the wealth of amphibians of the order Anura, reptiles of the order Squamata and mammals of small, medium and large size. Methods: The study was carried out in 12 fragments in the northeast of the Amazon. The size of the fragment was calculated in hectares, the isolation in ENN_MN (mean of the euclidean distance of the nearest neighbors) and the matrix was organized into categories. These landscape metrics were considered as explanatory variables and calculated on three spatial scales: 1, 2 and 3 km. The relationship of the metrics with the richness of terrestrial vertebrates was evaluated through multiple regressions with model selection. Results: 130 species of terrestrial vertebrates were recorded. There was no significant effect of fragment size on spatial scales for any group of species. The isolation was significant only in the 3 km scale for the group of amphibian and snake species. The category of open areas in the matrix was significant in the three spatial scales for the group of species of lizards and mammals of medium and large size. Conclusions: The landscape configuration is extremely important in the context of fragmentation, there were different responses from taxonomic groups, possibly due to differences in habitat use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Integrando conhecimentos locais e armadilhas fotográficas para avaliar a detecção e as características ecológicas que afetam a presença e a abundância de vertebrados médios e grandes no Vale do Xingu, Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10) VULCÃO, Otávio Augusto Pereira Leão; CARVALHO JUNIOR, Elildo Alves Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7456274393700395; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-4356-2954; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-8336
The choice of appropriate methods to observe population changes of species of interest in environmental monitoring is crucial to ensure the sustainability of long-term programs. This is a challenge in assessing medium and large vertebrates due to their ecological importance and relatively high costs for evaluation. In tropical regions, the methods commonly used are transect censuses or camera traps. However, both methods have limitations and can incur high costs and difficult maintenance, especially in megadiverse tropical countries. Including methods based on local ecological knowledge (LEK) can contribute to the sustainability of monitoring programs. We assessed the congruence between detection rates obtained from camera traps and sightings and traces detected through LEK in two protected areas of Eastern Amazonia, comparing detection probabilities and testing the influence of three ecological traits. We observed that, despite an overall positive relationship, the rates obtained by both methods show high variability. For 11 out of 20 species, the probability of detection was greater using the method that identified traces through LEK from local monitors. Among the selected traits, body mass, sociability, and trophic niche, only the last characteristic was significant within our models, indicating a detection capability primarily based on the behavioral patterns of the species. Our results demonstrate the significant ability of local monitors to detect the presence of species of interest, as well as the applicability of LEK in faunal monitoring. We recommend collaborative research strategies and the inclusion of the knowledge and experience of local populations in monitoring and conservation programs in the Amazon and other tropical systems, which are the regions richest in both biological diversity and sociocultural richness.