Navegando por Assunto "Virola surinamensis"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividades antimicrobiana e antipromastigota de extratos e frações de Virola surinamensis (Rol ex Rottb.) Warb (Myristicaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-13) SARAIVA, Maria Elinete Veras; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts and antipromastigota V. surinamensis and its fractions. To obtain the extracts have been used increasingly polar solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) and the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated into open column chromatography, using as stationary phase silica gel and eluents such as mixtures of hexane and ethyl acetate gradient increasing polarity. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity was used in agar diffusion test being used the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The active fraction was subjected to microdilution, which determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In assessing the activity antipromastigota used the Leishmania amazonensis and L. chagasi, being determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Extracts hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were subjected to agar diffusion test, and there were no inhibitions of bacterial and fungal growth. Just FA3 ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus in the agar diffusion test. But in this fraction microdilution proved inactive (MIC> 1000μg / mL). Only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of L. amazonensis and L.chagasi. In short, only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of Leishmania.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biogeoquímica comparativa de ecossistemas de floresta sucessional e Virola surinamensis na região dos tabuleiros costeiros do estuário guajarino, Amazônia oriental, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-04-14) OLIVEIRA, Francisco de Assis; RAMOS, José Francisco da Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8189651755374537
Studies of comparative biogeochemistry of Virola surinamensis (VSU) and successional forest ecosystems (FSU) in the coastal tableland region of eastern Amazonia were carried out to studies on i) factors that cause differences in fluxes and stocks of organic matter and chemical elements, such as potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) within the biogeochemical matrix of litterfall, the forest floor and pedochemical matrix stocks, and ii) factors that control the variation in soil carbon dioxide (CO2) flux within the VSU and FSU ecosystems. The major flux of the biogeochemical matrix (organic matter) from the trees to the forest floor was higher (p < 0,001) in the successional forest ecosystem (FSU) than in the Virola surinamensis ecosystem (VSU). This was due to higher floristic diversity in the FSU, as well as the elevatedlevel of ecosystem manipulation in the VSU, where the burning of phytomass released K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn oxides, causing in situ enrichment of the soil bases. The K, Mn and Zn fluxes were significantly higher (p < 0,001) in the FSU, although Fe flux was higher (p < 0,001) in the VSU. These results show the effect of high floristic diversity of the biogeochemical matrix in the successional ecosystem, while in the Virola surinamensis ecosystem, results indicate the possibility of biogenic Fe accumulation as a genotypic character of Virola tree species. The Mg, Ca and Cu fluxes were similar (p <.0,05) between ecosystems, as demonstrated by the semivariogram nugget effect. This indicated the absence of spatial influence on the processes controlled by the biogeochemical matrix flux. The geochemical matrix flux occurred with similar patterns at the mesoscale level, or across the biogeochemical provinces. The element use efficiency (EUE) for Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn was greater (p < 0,001) in the FSU than in the VSU. This indicates a significant biogeochemical matrix flux effect in the successional forest ecosystem, contrary to the Virola surinamensis ecosystem with relatively low floristic diversity. Potassium (K) occurred with similar EUE values (p > 0,05) in both biological systems suggesting that the VSU ecosystem was an efficient K cycler. The forest floor stocks of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn were higher (p < 0,001) in the FSU than in the VSU. This may be explained by the more diversified biogeochemical matrix control in the forest successional ecosystem. The overall water holding capacity was similar (p > 0,05) between ecosystems, although forest floor storage was higher (p < 0,001) in the FSU, indicating that the VSU ecosystem has recovered its structure and function over time. The biogeochemical matrix mean residence times for forest floor organic matter and K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn were higher (p < 0,001) in the successional ecosystem (FSU) than in the Virola surinamensis ecosystem (VSU). This suggests that in FSU the influence of forest floor stocks worked as a proximal factor, associated with the more distal factor of higher floristic diversity, which likely introduced recalcitrant substances into the system to minimize the decomposition process. The dispersion models illustrated in semivariograms for Al, Na, Fe and Cu in the Yellow Latosol dystrophic (LAd), and Ca in the Yellow Latosol dystrophic endocrecionary (LAdc) showed a nugget effect. In the LAd soil pedochemical system, the semivariograms models demonstrated spatial dependence, including H+ (spherical, r2 =0.92); Na (gaussian, r2 =0.49); K (gaussian r2=0.98); Ca (exponential, r2= 0.82); Mg (gaussian, r2 = 0.87); Mn (exponential, r2 = 0.86), Zn (gaussian, r2 =0.79). In the LAdc soil, cations that showed spatial dependence were Al (gaussian, r2 = 082); H+ (gaussian, r2 = 092); Na (gaussian, r2 = 0.87); K (gaussian, r2 = 0.86), Mn (gaussian, r2 0.96) and Fe (gaussian, r2 = 0.87); Cu (gaussian, r2 = 0.80) and Zn (gaussian, r2 = 0.79). Carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from soils in the were similar (p > 0,05) with values of 4,03 μmol C m-2 s-1 and 4,37 μmol C m-2 s-1 in the VSU and FSU, respectively. Based on the CO2 soil efflux, I conclude that the Virola surinamensis ecosystem attained similar metabolic processes in relation to the successional forest ecosystem over time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obtenção de extratos padronizados em antioxidantes naturais: aproveitamento dos resíduos da ucuúba (Virola surinamensis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-21) OLIVEIRA, Kalene de Almeida; COSTA, Roseane Maria Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0537372052713559
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obtenção de gordura das sementes de Ucuúba (Virola surinamensis) por meio de extração com CO2 em estado supercrítico: rendimento global, dados cinéticos, ácidos graxos totais e atividade antimicrobiana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-28) CORDEIRO, Renato Macedo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748
The Virola surinamensis, popularly known as ucuúba, is a typical tree found in floodplain habitats and along rivers in the Amazon region. The fat extracted from the seeds has a high melting point and is a product appreciated by the cosmetic industry. The objective of this work was to study the extraction of ucuúba seed fat using supercritical fluid and compare, in terms of process yield and composition of the extracts, with those obtained from the organic solvent extraction technique (via soxhlet). The extraction technique Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) was used because it is regarded as a clean technology, economically attractive, and environmentally safe, avoiding the consumption of large amounts of organic solvents, which are often expensive and potentially harmful. The supercritical extracts of ucuúba seeds were obtained at temperatures of 40, 60 and 80 °C, combined with a pressure of 350 bar, the solvent density varied between 789.2 and 935.6 kg / m3, and a flow of 2.7 L / min. The highest yield obtained using supercritical CO2 was 64.39% for the extraction condition of 350 bar and 80 °C. The yield for the extraction via soxhlet was 61.38%. The mass transfer models of Goto et al. (1993), Esquivel et al. (1999), Tan and Lio (1989), Barton (1991) and Martinez et al. (2003) were employed to describe the extraction kinetics using supercritical fluid. The models that best described the extraction kinetics, with low average deviations, were the models of Martinez et al. (2003) and Goto et al. (1991). The fatty acid profile analysis showed that the ucuúba fat is composed predominantly of saturated fatty acids, mainly of myristic and lauric acids. The antimicrobial activity of the fats obtained was tested on the following organisms: Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Only the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus showed zone of inhibition, ranging from 10 to 11 mm.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Potencial alelopático de duas neolignanas isoladas de folhas de Virola surinamensis (Myristicaceae)
(2007-03) BORGES, Fábio Cardoso; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; CORRÊA, Marivaldo José Costa; OLIVEIRA, Marilene Nunes; SOUZA FILHO, Antonio Pedro da Silva
The objective of this research was to isolate, identify and characterize the allelopathic activity of chemical compounds in Virola surinamensis leaves. The process of isolation and identification of chemicals compounds involved the use of organic solvents and Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (MNR 1H, MNR 13C and MNR 13C-DPT), HETCOR and COSY specter. Allelopathic activity was evaluated by bioassays, under constant temperature of 25 ºC and 12-h photoperiod for seed germination and 25 ºC of constant temperature and 24-hour photoperiod for radicle and hypocotyl elongation, at concentrations ranging from 1.0 mg L-1 to 8.0 mg L-1. The receiving plants used were the weeds Mimosa pudica, Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis. Two neolignans were isolated and identified: surinamensin and virolin. The general trend observed was a positive relation between allelopathic effects and the concentration of the compounds, with maximum inhibition obtained at the concentration of 8.0 mg L-1. Surinamensin presented greater potential to inhibit seed germination and radicle/hypocotyl elongation than virolin, regardless of the receiving species or plant parameter. Radicle and hypocotyl elongation were more intensely inhibited than seed germination by the two compounds. Except for the effects promoted on hypocotyl elongation, the species M. pudicawas the most sensitive to the allelopathic effects caused by the two neolignans.