Navegando por Assunto "Water conservation"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de viabilidade técnica da conservação de água no cilo produtivo de indústria de refrigerante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-07) CUNHA, Bruno José Costa da; TEIXEIRA, Luiza Carla Girard Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9773700229115395
This work aims to formalize an engineering protocol containing technical procedures necessary to optimize the consumption of water in the beverage industry, through the evaluation of the potential of water conservation, determination of environmental and economic performance indicators, as well as the proposition of scenarios of water use. In order to explore the opportunities for water conservation, a water balance was carried out with the help of flow measurement methods. Water use analyzes were performed to determine areas and processes where there is significant potential for water savings. Based on the evaluations, investigations, recycling and reuse practices it was observed that the productive sector of the soft drink factory, especially the packaging stage, has the potential to reduce water consumption. The proposed scenarios can provide the company with a reduction in specific water demand from 2.53 to 1.92m³/m³refrigerants, reducing the company's groundwater abstraction by 24.1%. Thus, considering the average production of refrigerants, the daily water savings can be up to 81.4m³, while the company's specific effluent generation can be reduced by 36.7 m³ / d, equivalent to 24, 1% reduction. In addition, the operating costs of the ETE and ETA can be reduced by R$ 39,272.83 per year, representing a savings of 24.5%. Thus, this study proved that water reuse can be successfully implemented in the soft drink industry as a sustainable approach to industrial water management, since the engineering protocol established in this work proved adequate for the collection of information necessary for the control and optimization of water use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O aproveitamento de água de chuva para fins não potáveis na cidade universitária professor José da Silveira Netto - Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-03) YOSHINO, Gabriel Hiromite; FERNANDES, Lindemberg Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4641468846318922
The Brazilian Amazon has about 69% of available freshwater in Brazil, an amount which ends up creating the illusion that no lack of water and not lacking in the region, the large supply of this resource becomes a problem when it comes to the Management and Planning Water Resources in the Amazon, according to the wasteful use and lack of maintenance of stocks, compounded by the release of untreated wastewater. Speaking of water conservation programs in the Amazon a few decades ago and still today, with less intensity, is somewhat strange, given the large amount of water available and the culture of abundance. But with climate change associated with the water crisis in the century XXI and the growth of environmental awareness, a new paradigm for water use. Thus, this research discusses the importance of the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes, since the potential for exploitation, throughout the year, due to this high rainfall in the Amazon region, ranging, on average, 119.6 mm in months from November to 441.6 mm in March. It was verified the potential utilization of rainwater from the areas of the roofs of some buildings, located at the Federal University of Pará - UFPA, Campus Guamá, also known as City University Professor José da Silveira Netto. The methods used for sizing of the reservoir were the Rippl and Interactive, and economic viability checking done by the methods of Net Present Value - NPV and discounted payback. As a result, there was obtained by the method of Rippl a volume exceeding 1000 m³, while the interactive method was a maximum of 75 m³. The economic viability presented fragile as a function of time to return exceed the useful life of the utilization system for rain water.