Navegando por Assunto "Zinc oxide nanoparticles"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Amido termoplástico: obtenção de nanocompósitos de amido de araruta termoplastificado com nanopartículas de óxido de zinco
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-07) PINTO, Bianca Corrêa; PAULA, Marcos Vinícius da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7538211324097974; MAIA, Ana Áurea Barreto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820112425394964; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-1442
The search for new materials with comparable performance to synthetics has driven the development of sustainable and biodegradable materials. The growing demand has stimulated the creation of innovative materials, such as starch-based films, biopolymers, and others, which offer excellent mechanical and barrier properties while being environmentally friendly. To achieve higher levels of sustainability, starch-based films, enriched with new components, gain prominence as possible candidates for food packaging applications. In this context, the present study aims to obtain and characterize thermoplasticized nanocomposites with arrowroot starch (TPA) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in different proportions (1%, 3% and 5%). Films without ZnO NPs were used as controls. The thermoplasticized starch films were made using the casting solution technique (solvent evaporation). They were evaluated for the concentration of ZnO NPs, and were also submitted to laboratory techniques, such as moisture, solubility and swelling tests. In addition, they were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile, strain at break and modulus of elasticity tests. For the moisture test, the results revealed that the addition of 1, 3 and 5% of ZnO NPs to the polymeric matrix provided a gradual decrease in the percentage of moisture when compared to the control TPA film. This fact is attributed to the interfacial interaction between the ZnO NPs and the arrowroot starch matrix, which in turn hinders the interaction of water molecules with the nanocomposite film. For the percentage of solubility of the films, a small change was observed after the addition of the NPs ZnO to the starch matrix, which becomes important for the maintenance of products stored in food packaging as well as the stability of the polymeric films. As for the swelling test, for the 1% TPA, 3% TPA and 5% TPA films, it was verified that when the SPL was added, they presented smaller variations compared to the TPA film containing only arrowroot starch in the polymeric matrix. In view of the above, the micrographs obtained by SEM revealed the presence of randomly dispersed aggregates of ZnO NPs in the polymeric matrix of arrowroot starch. The stress properties tests were conducted in 5 replicates, with a speed of 5 mm/min. The TPA film showed an average of 0.34 MPa and 59.80% for tensile strength and deformation at break, respectively. The incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles into the arrowroot starch matrix resulted in an increase in the tensile strength and deformation of TPA 1%, TPA 3% and TPA 5% films compared to TPA film. The mean strength for the films TPA 1%, TPA 3% and TPA 5% were 0.42 MPa, 0.45 MPa and 0.60 MPa, respectively. In addition, the mean strain at break for TPA 1%, TPA 3% and TPA 5% films were 77.14%, 86.34% and 86.05%, respectively. The FTIR spectra exhibited the same spectral behavior. This phenomenon is due to the presence of high starch content in the polymeric matrix of the films. The thermal stability for TPA, TPA1%, TPA 3% and TPA 5% films was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results obtained for the TPA1%, TPA 3% and TPA 5% films presented similar data to the thermal stability of the TPA film and showed that the addition of ZnO NPs to the polymeric matrix did not cause a significant decrease in them. The results showed that it is possible to use the films produced in this work in the packaging sector.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Síntese e caracterização de nanocompósitos poliméricos biodegradáveis para aplicação no setor de embalagens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-28) RAMOS JÚNIOR, Gilberto Sérgio da Silva; ALVES JÚNIOR, Severino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9563158536061549; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-8092-4224; PAULA, Marcos Vinícius da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7538211324097974
The search for more effective methods for food preservation has improved in recent years, which has led to the development of technologies that aim to extend the durability and ensure the stability of food products. Emerging solutions include the use and development of active packaging, which interacts directly with food, tending to increase its shelf life. And with the growing focus on sustainability, films made from blends of natural polymers together with more versatile polymers, with the addition of reinforcements, are becoming a promising alternative for the production of food packaging. In this scenario, this study seeks to produce and characterize nanocomposites composed of arrowroot starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glycerol and citric acid, reinforced with zinc oxide nanoparticles in different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 2% and 5% w/w), with the aim of evaluating their potential for applications in more sustainable and efficient food packaging. The films were obtained by the casting solution technique (solvent evaporation) and characterized by experimental techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile test to analyze their mechanical properties, moisture percentage, swelling and solubility were analyzed, in addition to performing tests to study their biodegradability behavior in natural soil and their practical application as bread packaging. In the visual aspect, all the films obtained presented considerable optical transparency. The results demonstrated that in a period between 18 and 20 days buried in natural soil, total degradation was observed in all the films produced. The addition of ZnO NPs as a reinforcing agent in arrowroot starch and CMC films promoted an improvement in tensile strength from 1,75 to 35,84 MPa and in the elastic modulus from 5,79 to 1142,29 MPa. Finally, during the nine weeks of application of the films as bread packaging, no macroscopic changes characteristic of colonization by microorganisms, such as fungi, were observed. Thus, the results demonstrate that the nanocomposite films increased the shelf life of bread for a considerable period and can be effectively used as active packaging for bread storage.