Navegando por Assunto "Zoonoses"

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 10

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Antibodies to Leishmania spp. in domestic felines
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) OLIVEIRA, Gabriela Capriogli; PAIZ, Laís Moraes; MENOZZI, Benedito Donizete; LIMA, Michele de Souza; MORAES, Carla Cristina Guimarães de; LANGONI, Helio
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa in the genus Leishmania, typical of rural and peri-urban environments. The causative agent of American visceral leishmaniasis is Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi and the main insect vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are important in the transmission of the disease, as a reservoir closely related to humans and an infection source for phlebotomine vectors. Since 1990, an increasing number of feline leishmaniasis cases have been reported, suggesting that domestic cats (Felis catus) might be involved in the epidemiology of the disease. The present study analyzed the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in naturally infected domestic cats from various neighborhoods in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the direct agglutination test (DAT). Among the 443 samples tested, 18 (4.06%) presented positive reactions in the IFA. The observed titers were 40 IU in 4.97% of the samples and 80 IU in 0.90%. In the DAT test, positive results were found in 25 (5.64%) of the samples. The observed titers were also 40 IU (4.97%) and 80 IU (0.68%). The agreement rate between the two tests was considered low (Kappa coefficient = 0.10).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização histopatológica, imunohistoquímica e determinação molecular de Mycobacterium bovis de lesões sugestivas de tuberculose em bubalinos abatidos para consumo no estado do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-26) PEDROSO, Silvia Cristina da Silva; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
The creation of buffalo is an important source of income in Amapá, an important sector in the local economy. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, which occurs in cattle and buffaloes caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. The disease has debilitating chronic nature with economic impact on the production of meat and milk in different regions of the world, besides being an important zoonosis. Aiming to characterize M. bovis in suggestive of tuberculosis lesions detected in buffalo inspection in the State of Amapá, through histopathological and immunohistochemical methods (IHC) and molecular analysis, there was the collection of 109 samples suggestive of tuberculosis lesions. For histopathological analysis, we used standard techniques for paraffin by hematoxylin and eosin and Fite-Faraco. For IHC was used the method of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) with a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against M. bovis (Dako B0124). For molecular analysis, mycobacterial DNA extraction was directly performed lymph node and treated by the phenolchloroform method through two amplification protocols (conventional PCR and Nested- PCR). Histologically, 94.5% (103/109) had typical granulomatous tissue reaction tuberculoide injury (LT), while in 5.5% (06/109) without features of tuberculoid granulomas (p <0.0001). The results obtained by IHC among the positive cases by histopathology, all had some kind of injury classified in several stages by histopathology, and observed that most of them 82.2% (74/90; p <0.0001) was only stage IV. Among the negative cases, necrotic lesions presenting only the last stage of development (IV) were also frequently 52.5% (10/19) and 31.5% (06/19) were also negative in the histopathologic ( p = 0.0030). Of the 103 positive samples for histopathology, 73.8% (76/103) were PCR positive reaction to the genus Mycobacterium and 64.1% (66/103) had amplification for the RD4 region, confirming the deletion, exclusive of the species M. bovis. The results showed that tuberculosis is present in buffalo herds of Amapá and regions of Marajó in Pará, representing a serious risk to public health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico molecular da infecção por hemoplasmas em gatos domésticos naturalmente infectados da cidade de Belém, Pará
(2013-09) SOUSA, Sinerey Karla Salim Aragão de; SAMPAIO JUNIOR, Francisco Dantas; SOUSA, Luciane Oeiras; SANTOS, Rafaelle Cunha dos; GONÇALVES, Evonnildo Costa; SCOFIELD, Alessandra; CAVALCANTE, Gustavo Góes
Mycoplasma haemofelis, 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis' are the causative agent of the feline mycoplasmosis, which could cause acute or chronic anemia. The aim of this work was to determine the occurrence of hemoplamas in domestic cats from Belém, Pará. To this, 201 cats were divided into three groups: Group A were composed by 101 stray cats captured by Zoonosis Control Center, group B were composed by 62 owners healthy cats and group C were composed by 38 owners cats that were suffering by some medical condition. Blood samples were collected to perform Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the DNA of these agents, which were sequenced and aligned. Statistical analysis was performed to detect association between the infection, the sex of the animals and experimental groups. The DNA of at least one of the hemoplasmas studied were detected in 19,9% (40/201) of the samples, being the DNA of 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' was found in 7.96% (16/201) of samples, M. haemofelis in 1.49% (3/201) of samples, while 'Candidatus M. turicensis' in 12.93% (26/201) of the samples. The DNA of these three agents was detected in cats from groups A and C, while in Group B was detected only 'Candidatus M. turicensis' and 'Candidatus M. haemominutum'. The influence of sex on hemoplasma infection was detected only between 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' and males. These findings showed that hemoplasma circulate among domestic cats in Belém, and 'Candidatus M. turicensis' and 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' were more common than M. haemofelis, especially in stray cats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico sorológico e caracterização molecular do vírus da hepatite E em suínos no estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06-06) SOUZA, Alex Junior Souza de; CARNEIRO, Liliane Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8127606647914773; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an RNA virus of genus Hepevirus causative agent of enterically transmitted acute hepatitis in humans that is widely distributed in many regions of the world. Pigs are reported as the main source of infection to humans related to genotypes 3 and 4 virus in non-endemic areas. In this sense, the present study aimed to demonstrate the HEV infection among swine in the Pará State by serological and molecular methods applied to samples of serum, stool and liver of 151 pigs slaughtered in metropolitan area of Belém A serologic investigation included the search for anti-HEV IgM and IgG and molecular diagnostic included the detection of the HEV RNA, nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of sequences obtained. As result we detected no anti- HEV IgM and the prevalence of animal seroreactive for IgG was 8,6% (13/151). Molecular detection of HEV genome amplified positive fragments in 4,8% (22/453) of samples tested and the prevalence of positive animals at least one sample was 9,9% (15/151). Phylogenetic analysis has concluded that all sequences examined belonged to genotype 3 virus, described as zoonotic. We identified the subtypes 3c and 3f occurring both among samples according to the two regions of the genome amplified. These results are the first serological and molecular evidences of the existence of HEV among swine in Northern Brazil and also the first detection and genotyping of HEV in region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espacial de anticorpos IgG para Toxoplasma gondii em um estudo soroepidemiológico realizado em bovídeos no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) OLIVEIRA, Jefferson Pinto de; CASSEB, Alexandre do Rosário; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6525374874057337; FREITAS, José de Arimatéa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2382745365421156
This study aims to determine the prevalence of antibodies immunoglobulin class G (IgG) specific of this disease in bovine created, by contributing to the understanding of the epidemiology of this zoonosis in the state of Pará. The study was conducted in all Para meso, they were harvested blood samples from animals in 2070, with 1750 and 320 bovine and buffalo, respectively, coming from 52 municipalities and 100 properties, a survey of the epidemiological aspects influencing the onset of the infectious agent. Sera of animals underwent the test of ELISA Kit – Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and indirect immunofluorescence - IFA for the detection of specific IgG antibodies to T. gondii cattle and buffalo the Imunodot® company. The animals were considered positive in the IFAT test from the dilution 1:64. It was considered statistically significant difference p 0.005. The buffaloes had higher seropositivity that the bovine, as well as the IFA test was higher than the ELISA test, and Mesoregion more seropositive was the Lower Amazon. There were no significant differences in the frequency of T. gondii, in relation to sex, type of exploitation, but no significant association for age, size of property, number of animals in the property, creation cycle, and the properties that presented greater amount of cats and dogs were the ones that had higher sororreagência the anti - T. gondii.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hidatidose policística no Estado do Acre: contribuição para o diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico dos pacientes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06) SIQUEIRA, Nilton Ghiotti de; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The echinococcosis is a zoonosis whose etiological agents are nematodes of the genus Echinococcus. There are five species of Echinococcus, two of them, E. oligarthrus (Diesing, 1863) and E. vogeli (Rausch & Bernstein, 1972) only occur in neotropical areas. The echinococcosis by E. vogeli causes multiple hydatid cysts, mainly in the liver of intermediate hosts, of which one is the human being. The lack of knowledge about the disease makes the diagnosis is delayed or even misleading. The lack of systematic information on treatment is also difficult to assess the results and prognosis of patients with peritoneal and hepatic lesions caused by E. vogeli. Here we describe the clinical features of patients, we propose a radiological classification protocol used in the classification of alveolar echinococcosis (E. multilocularis "PNM" Classification, Kern et al., 2006), which was also suitable for polycystic echinococcosis (E. vogeli) and describe a therapeutic option for the treatment of hydatid disease which previously had only been used for cases of cystic echinococcosis (E. granulosus, PAIR-Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, Reaspiration, Brunnetti et al., 2001). A prospective cohort study was initiated in 1999 and by 2009 included 60 patients. We describe the main symptoms and signs: pain in upper abdomen (65%) and hepatomegaly (60%) and patients were classified according to the "PNM" classification and submitted to three therapeutic modalities: (i) chemotherapy with albendazole at a dose of 10mg/kg/day, (ii) surgical removal of cysts or (iii) percutaneous puncture of the cysts- PAIR. After exclusion of two cases, due to inadequacy of the research protocol, the groups were distributed as follows: treatment with albendazole: n = 28 (48.3%, 28/58), surgical therapy: n = 25 (52.1%; 25/58) and PAIR: n = 5 (8.1%, 5 / 58). The results were stratified according to outcome of therapy: "Cure", represented by the disappearance of lesions after clinical or surgical treatment, "clinical improvement", defined as asymptomatic patients without weight loss and physiological functions preserved, "No Improvement" included patients who remained symptomatic, "Death" and "No Information", the monitoring did not allow a conclusion about the outcome. The three treatment groups together demonstrade lethality rate of 15.5% (9 / 58), "no improvement" 1.7% (1 / 58), "clinical improvement" in 40.0% (23/58) and "cure "in 32.8% (19/58). Regarding the outcome "death", there was no difference between therapies with albendazole or surgical treatment with 4 (14.2%) and 3 (12%) deaths respectively, but in the first group, albendazole, the outcome "cure" was 4.3% (1 / 23) and "clinical improvement" 74.0% (17/23), whereas in the "surgery" to "cure" represented 71.0% (17/24) and "clinical improvement" 16.7 (4 / 24). Therapy "PAIR" was associated with a lethality rate of 40% (2 / 5), cure in 20% (fifth) and clinical improvement in 40% (2 / 5). The "PNM" classification was useful to indicate such therapy in cases of polycystic hydatid disease. In conclusion, in the series studied surgical therapy has better results in the clinical therapy on the outcomes "cure" and "clinical improvement". The treatment for PAIR needs further studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Investigação soroepidemiológica para brucelose e leptospirose em equideos de tração e seus tratadores nos municípios de Belém e Ananindeua - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-06-18) SANTOS, Wilson Rogério Rodrigues dos; DIAS, Hilma Lúcia Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4501155453484456
The objective of the work was the detention of antibodies anti - Brucella abortus and anti - Leptospira interrogans in serum of equines and equine workers of the quarters of the cities of Belém and Ananindeua, enclosing the months from April to August of 2005, using for this end, 195 sanguineous serum of eqquines and 70 sanguineous serum of men that manipulated the animals direct or indirectly. For the research of reagents serum of animals to B. abortus, the tests used had been Antigen Acidified Test (AAT), as a selection test, and slow seroagglutination (SAL) and and the 2-mercaptoetanol (2-ME) as confirmatory tests. To Leptospirosis, the test used was of microscopical seroagglutination being carried through the selection of the serum front to the 25 serovars of L. interrogans, considering positive those samples with titulation equal or bigger that 100. Of 195 samples of equine sanguineous serum, 184 (94.87%) had been positive for all serovars analyzed, being that more frequent found: Patoc, Automnalis, Ictehaemohragiae, Pyrogenes and Bratislava. For the sanguineous samples of men, the positivity was of 49 (70%) of reacting serum, with the most detected serovars: Patoc, Ictehaemohragiae, Bratislava, Butembo, Copenhageni and Automnalis. Of the positive samples of equine and its respective workers, 47/70 (67.14%) were similar for same serovars of Leptospira spp., being that 2/70 (2.86%) samples had been negative in both the searched groups, 2/70 (2.86%) were only positive in humans and 19/70 (27.14%) were exclusively positive in the samples of equine serum. The quarters of Coqueiro, Guamá, 40 horas, Barreiro and Bengui had presented the biggest percentage of positive cases serum. It did not have significant difference in relation to the other studied variants, as: climate, age (animal and man), time of service (animal and man), species of the animal, props up corporal of the animal and degree of instruction of the man. As much in the animals how much in the men positive reactions for B. abortus had not been detected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ocorrência de micoplasmas hemotrópicos em caninos e felinos domésticos na região de Belém, PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-07) MORAES, Leopoldo Augusto; GONÇALVES, Evonnildo Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8652560763793265; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
Hemotrophic mycoplasmas comprise a group of bacteria that can cause hemolytic anemia and several chronic diseases in animals. In cats three infecting species of hemoplasmas are reported: M. haemofelis, ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ and ‘Candidatus M. turicensis’, the first being considered the most pathogenic, whereas the dogs are normally infected by at least two mycoplasma species M. haemocanis and ‘Candidatus M. haematoparvum’. In order to assess the occurrence of hemotrophic mycoplasmas in feline and canine populations of Belém city were analyzed, by PCR, the genetic material from blood samples of 299 domiciled and stray animals. In 8.03% (24/299) of DNA samples of hemotrophic mycoplasmas was amplified, 1.78 % (3 /169) from infected dogs and 16.15% (21 /130) from infected cats. Among the cats the highest rates of infection were found in domiciled animals 22.86% (16/70) and in males 29.51% (18/61), the species ‘Candidatus M. haemominutum’ 8.46 % (11/130) get the higher incidence when compared to species Mycoplasma haemofelis 6.92 % (9/130). The infection in dogs was only identified among stray animals, with the ‘Candidatus M. haematoparvum’ being the only species identified with a rate of 1.78 % (3/169). It was possible to assess that hemotrophic mycoplasmas circulate in both species in the present report, domiciled felines and males formed the group at highest risk for infection and the agent ‘Candidatus M. haematoparvum’ seems to be the only one in circulation in the canine population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle & Manceaux, 1909) em felídeos selvagens nos municípios de Capitão Poço e Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-02-29) SILVA, Carolina Costa; SOUZA, Nazaré Fonseca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1616332835810182
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most widespread zoonosis in the world caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan that has in felids its unique and definitive host. Twenty one animals of four species were avaluated, Jaguarundi (Herpailurus yaguarondi), Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), Margay (Leopardus wiedii), Jaguars (Panthera onca) to investigate the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in two municipalities of Pará State, using two serological assays, indirect hemagglutination, (IHA), direct modified agglutination (MAT) and coproparasitologic examination. From the tested animals, 18 were positive (85,72%). Twelve (57,14%) animals by the IHA and 14 (66,66%) by the MAT, were seropositive. In both utilized techniques there were no statistical differences between seropositivity and the genus. In the Herpailurus genus 4,6% of seropositivity was found in both tests; in the Leopardus 19,05% by IHA and 28,57% by MAT; and in the Panthera 33,33% in both techniques. Similar results were verified in 11 animals. Comparing both techniques, there were no statistical differences. Higher titers were obtained from a margay (1024) by MAT. No oocysts of T. gondii were found in the studied animals. It was verified high occurrence of toxoplasmosis in the studied areas and both techniques are efficient for serologic diagnoses of this disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variabilidade morfométrica e molecular em Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) de diferentes áreas de risco para raiva rural no estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) ANDRADE, Fernanda Atanaena Gonçalves de; FERNANDES, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8943067124521530
At the present study the hypothesis of population morphological and molecular heterogeneity was tested in several groups of the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus from oriental Amazonia as well the relationship among the environmental heterogeneity and the process and patterns of rabies outbreaks in human and bovine population was described. For this 776 individuals of common vampire bats from 72 different places of state of Pará were disposed by Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC - Ministério da Saúde/Belém), Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário (Lanagro/Belém) and Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas (FVG/Manaus). Data from 1999 to 2008 of rabies upon humans and bovines in Pará were disposed by the Secretaria Executiva de Saúde Pública do Pará (SESPA). For morphometric analysis, 39 phenotypic measures (16 bodies and 23 cranials) all adult individuals (329 males and 315 females) were obtained. For genetic analysis, 258 bats (47% males and 53% females) were characterized by 10 microsatelite markers. To describe the areas of rabies risk we used the ecological, biological and socioeconomic shapes of environment as well the soil using, all these geographically georeferenced. One of our results of phenotypic inferences suggest that vampires from Pará showed the tendency to group formation with individuals of the north region of state (Amazonas basin, Marajóand Northeastern regions), only as well they were less similar to bats from southern and southwestern regions. In general, D. rotundus did not show high phenotypically structure among the groups in Pará. The highest variability occurrence in D. rotundus, was not observed among geographic groups. According to molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA), 96% of them were found within each studied group. Our data showed that several of the groups studied in Pará are still under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting the existence of one single panmitic population of the common vampire bat in this North state, but with tendencies to the formation of three great groups (Amazon basin, Marajóand Northeast). To this panmitic population, the reproduction and adaptation patterns garanteed the high equity of allelic richness and good rates of genetic diversity in D. rotundus from oriental Amazon, even under the fragmentation effects in many areas of Pará state, mainly in the east side.