Homocisteína vitamina B12 e ácido fólico como biomarcadores de triagem no diagnóstico precoce e monitoramento do câncer gástrico

Abstract

Gastric cancer in the last decades has shown a decrease in the number of cases, which is much due to the progress in sanitary health, and the greater access of the population to educational policies. However, it remains the third leading cause of death worldwide between men and women. Such deaths are usually linked to late diagnosis. The present study intends to establish a profile of screening biomarkers by the homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid dosages, which can be inserted in the routine routine of examinations, aiming the rapid diagnosis of the disease. A total of 207 control and 207 cases of gastric cancer patients were analyzed, both of which were biochemical measurements of homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12, matched in relation to age, tumor location, subtype, tumor classification, EBV (Epstein-Barr Virus), and Helicobacter pylori. For the triad dosage, chemiluminescence techniques were used, and the other variables were obtained by hospital information. As results, significant differences were found between the means of the triad of cancer patients in relation to the control, in all paired variables. In conclusion, our study showed that the triad analysis (homocysteine, vitamin b12 and folic acid) has its value in the diagnosis of gastric cancer, and may in the future be an effective marker of screening for this type of cancer.