Otimização da detecção de formas de onda de campos eletromagnéticos emitidos por descargas atmosféricas

Abstract

This work aims the application of optimization techniques to detect and record lightning electromagnetic waveforms. As a result of the optimization techniques developed on this Thesis, it is presented the “Lightning Detection and Waveform Storage System - (LDWSS)”. The main optimized points were: cost of the device; improvements of its detection dynamic range; development of a mobile device; possibility to detect in a multi-band way; and calibration in order to infer peak currents from remote measurements of lightning electric fields. The developed system was validated through comparison of a return stroke data in lightning triggered using the rocket-and-wire technique at the International Center for Lightning Research and Testing - ICLRT, of National Lightning Detection Network – NLDN data, and data from the Lightning Observatory in Gainesville - LOG. The main usage of the optimized system is on the investigation of lightning physics and effects, mainly in the Amazon region. As a result of using the system were obtained: a better understanding about Compact Intracloud Discharge - CID; the characteristics of ionosphere heights computed using intraclound and cloud-to-ground lightning electric field waveforms; the conception of a lightning electric field waveform database containing more than 8 thousand waveforms of different types of lightning; and the implementation of the first continuous lightning electric field measurement system in the amazon region, localized at CESIPAM, Belem, PA.