Implementações alternativas de tomografia do tempo de trânsito utilizando a equação da onda

Abstract

Wave equation tomography is a robust methodology for velocity analysis when strong velocity variations occurs. This approach has been successfully applied for reservoir monitoring and characterization using crosswell data. The choice of the objective functions, preconditioners and regularizing functionals controls the robustness, eciency and the quality of the velocity reconstruction. This dissertation investigates each of these design parameters and its consequences for the performance of the wave equation tomography using synthetic crosswell data generated from smoothly and strongly heterogeneous velocity models. Two proposals for the objective functions are used in this work; the first is sensitive to phase dierences and the other is proposal to be less sensitive to the source pulse. Both do not require velocity picking performed well in the numerical experiments. A preconditioning strategy adapted from the imaging processing literature produced a noticiable improvement the convergence rate of the algorithm by eliminating artifacts caused by limited aperture, random noise and artifacts produced by sources and receivers. A regularizing functional penalizing deviations from velocity information available near the wells additionally contributes to recover a velocity tomogram with higher resolution and consistent with the synthetic model. Wave equation tomography is a robust methodology for velocity analysis when strong velocity variations occurs.