Representações sociais sobre alcoolismo entre alcoolistas abstêmios em tempos de pandemia

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID­-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS­-Co-V­-2 virus, has been producing repercussions on a global scale, bringing both biopsychosocial, economic, political, cultural and historical impacts, unprecedented in the recent history of epidemics. The population was in isolation and social distance to avoid contamination among their peers, causing, in a way, changes in the physical and mental health of the human being, which can lead the person to risk for the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Problems related to alcoholism affect the individual and the family as a whole, causing psychological, emotional, spiritual illness and breakdown in the family system. Thus, in order to understand the social representations related to alcohol use, it is necessary to retrace the paths and contexts of its social construction. Objective: To understand the social representations of alcoholism among abstemious alcoholics in times of the COVID­-19 pandemic in a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs in Belém-­Pa. Method: This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, using the theoretical framework of the Theory of Social Representations (SRT) in the procedural aspect according to Serge Moscovici, Denise Jodelet and collaborators. The research scenario was developed at the Center for Psychosocial Care for Alcohol and Other Drugs - CAPS AD III Marajoara, district of Entroncamento (DAENT), municipality of Belém, where abstemious alcoholic users participated through the application of the theoretical data saturation technique. Data collection took place through the sociodemographic profile, the analysis of research on alcoholism, the technique of free association of words (TALP) and the semi-­structured interview. For the preparation of the material, the ATLAS.ti version 22 software was used, with the Braun & Clark thematic analysis being carried out until, and later, after organizing the data, the report was produced. Results: from the analysis of the data obtained, the registration units converged to three categories, namely: Social representations about alcoholism and its social challenges; Social representations of the meanings of CAPS AD and its repercussions for the treatment; Social representations in the (re)construction of alcohol abstinence. Final considerations: The social representations of alcoholics made it possible to know and understand the true extent of the challenges that caring for an alcoholic user entail in their daily lives. In addition, CAPS AD offers a significant welcome in the lives of users and families at different levels of care, valuing the role of the alcoholic user, in the construction of their citizenship, integrating to their territory in which they live, in a perspective of a way of to be and to live singularly as a person, and not as one discriminated against by society.