Método para identificação, análise e controle dos fatores de atraso de obras na gestão dos projetos de construção: um estudo baseado na metodologia multicritério construtivista de apoio à decisão (MCDA-C).

Abstract

The delay in works is observed globally in civil construction and affects the economy of countries, directly influencing the costs and low quality of works, the occurrence of disputes between the parties and other consequences, such as social issues related to the housing deficit, for instance. Thus, it is essential to identify the causes of work delays to minimize its consequences. In this context, the objective of this work is the elaboration of a method of identification, analysis, and control for the factors of delay of works in the management of construction projects. The research methodology included, first, a systematic review of the literature (RSL); subsequently, a survey was conducted, through questionnaires and interviews, to observe the most frequent causes of work delay, which were also evaluated for their correlations by the statistical technique of factor analysis. In this case, the results showed that the 12 main causes identified are correlated with four factors of delay of works: supply management, labor management, project management and management of weather conditions. Finally, after this first phase of the research and aiming at the development of the proposed model, the Design Science Research (DSR) method was applied in a local project management company, using as a research tool the multicriteria constructivist methodology of decision support (MCDA-C), seeking to carefully examine the decision-making process related to the delay factors observed; that were used as initial parameters in the structuring stage of the MCDA-C method. The results generated were the development and validation of the proposed method, identified as an artifact generated by the DSR, as well as the elaboration of descriptors (performance indicators) for all causes of delay evaluated. Similarly, control recommendations were obtained in the institution's performance in the factors of work delay in question, mainly regarding the management of supplies and project management that did not present satisfactory performances. In this case, it is worth mentioning the changes that occurred in the organization chart and work methodology of thecompany as actions implemented as a result of the process, carried out jointly with the decision-taker. It is concluded, therefore, that the research allowed an in-depth analysis of which issues should be prioritized in the strategies of actions aimed at minimizing the occurrence of delays in the execution of projects in civil construction and that the delay factors identified can be considered as "management deficiencies" of the enterprises.