Funcionalidade e fatores ambientais que influenciam o nível de atividade física da pessoa com deficiência física em Belém e Manaus

Abstract

The potentiation of functional capacity occurs through the insertion of the individual in physical activity, generating positive impacts on independence, autonomy, quality of life, functionality, self-esteem, social participation and greater health care, however there are facilitating factors and barriers. Objective: To identify the environmental, functional factors and level of physical activity of people with physical disabilities in rehabilitation and sports centers in the Northern Region. Method: Performed in a motor program for people with disabilities in the city of Manaus-Amazonas and at a Rehabilitation Center in Belém-Pará. Individuals with physical disabilities, of congenital or acquired origin, of both sexes, aged between 18 and 60 years, who performed physical and/or sports activity for at least 6 months, participated of this study. Where sociodemographic data were collected and three questionnaires were applied, namely: WHODAS 2.0, Physical Activity Scale for People with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) and Measure of the Quality of the Environment (MQE). The sample consisted of 41 participants, which 61% were male, with a mean age of 43,1 (±13,1) years, mean time of injury 17,0 (±12,8) years, single, with income only social benefits or retirement, had completed high school and 26,8% had a diagnosis of spinal cord injury. All data were processed in the jamoviproject 2021 Software (version 2.2), applying the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Pearson's Linear correlation test. Result: Regarding functionality, there was a predominance of mild difficulty in relation to cognition, self-care, interpersonal relationships, activity of daily living and participation. Noting that the mobility domain was the only one with moderate difficulty. Considering a level of metabolic equivalent physical activity below 30 MET/h/day. There was a correlation between domains related to functionality and environmental factors barriers, but there was no connection between functionality, level of physical activity and facilitating environmental factors. Conclusion: The barrier factors present in the daily lives of people with physical disabilities directly impact functionality, in the aspect of self-care, interpersonal relationships, mobility, activity of daily living and participation.