Gestão de pessoal de enfermagem por competências em serviços de saúde: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: Due to its recognized benefits in the public scenario, the so called competency management model has been introduced in institutions that provide health care services within the scope of the Public Unified Health System (SUS). Institutions providing health services were led to verify the management models used and adapt them to the changes originating from globalization, starting from the need for managerial molds capable of putting into practice the skills of workers, for this reason, the use of tools such as management by competences are being inserted in health services. Objective: Describing, based on the scientific literature, how nursing staff management by competencies in health services occurs. Method: This is a scoping review based on the protocol of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The researched articles were obtained using two search strategies, based on LILACS, MEDLINE, and SCIELO, using descriptors, keywords, and Boolean operators, without time limits, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The data were collected in the month of September 2020, and 165 articles were collected. The studies found were transferred to the Rayyan® application software, with the aim of giving the following steps and the review greater agility and safety. After excluding duplicates 148 articles remained, subsequently reading title and abstract 20 articles were classified as eligible for review, which were read fully and, with the exclusions, five articles were included in the review. The selection of studies was carried out based on the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and through Bardin's content analysis. A qualitative analysis of the extracted data related to the competency management process was carried out. Result: As a result, five studies related to the theme of the review were obtained with contributory attributes to compose it. The results were organized by topics of interest to the work according to the JBI protocol. The studies showed a time window of publications on the theme in the national context, which suggests a small number of studies on the theme in Brazil. The results show that most research was conducted in public health institutions and was carried out with nurses. This fact reinforces the relevance of nurses in the process of managing people in health services. One point of weakness found was regarding the concept of competence being evidenced in only one article. In four studies, some type of material, instrument, or reference system was evidenced, but they did not specifically address the theme of management by competencies, but rather dealt with issues related to the process of managing people, quality and other care processes which involve the professionals of the institutions in general, and not specifically the nursing team.