Circulador de 4 portas baseado em um ressonador elíptico de grafeno na região terahertz.

Abstract

A new type of four-port circulator based on graphene for the terahertz frequency range is proposed and analyzed in this work. It consists of two parallel waveguides coupled laterally to a magnetized resonator in the shape of an ellipse. The cross section of the components has a three-layer structure consisting of graphene, silica dioxides and silicon. The graphene resonator is normally magnetized in its plane by an external DC magnetic field. The physical principle of the device is based on the dipolar resonance of the resonant cavity of magnetized graphene. Using the Theory of Magnetic Groups, we were able to analyze the scattering matrices of the symmetry components of the device. In addition, the Temporal Coupled Modes Theory was used in order to analytically analyze the characteristics of the device. The influence of different parameters on the characteristics of the circulator was investigated using the Comsol Multiphysics software. Numerical simulations demonstrate the isolation of ports 3 and 4 around -32.6 dB and -16.2 dB, insertion losses around -2.5 dB, reflection around -20.3 dB and 5.7 % bandwidth with the center frequency of 5.03 THz. The DC magnetic field of applied polarization is 0.8 T. The central frequency of the circulator can be controlled by the change in the Fermi energy of graphene. Finally, a comparison was made between the numerical and analytical model of the device, using the aforementioned tools.