Obtenção de filmes de colágeno de peixe para biomaterais: peixes da amazônia (Heros Severus e Cichla Temensis) e tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis Niloticus)

Abstract

The Collagen films derived from fish skin have been gaining prominence in tissue engineering, with emphasis on the large number of research on the properties of those obtained from Nile Tilapia - TN (Oreochromis niloticus).Parallel to this; the Amazon Basin has numerous species of fish, which have not yet been deeply addressed in the field of bioprospecting. In this sense, this paper sought to prepare and analyze films derived from the skins of Amazonian fish, such as Peacock Bass - TA (Cichla Temensis) and Banded Cichlid - AS (Heros Severus), comparing them with that of the African fish TN. From the results obtained, it was verified that TN was the one with the highest collagen yield. The proteins were extracted and purified to prepare aqueous solutions with polyvinyl alcohol. The films obtained by solvent evaporation showed the following traction resistance results: 327 MPa for TN; 299 MPa for AS, and 228 MPa for TA. Through scanning electron microscopy, it was possible to note that the greatest porosity was present in TN films, which received a coating of spheres and nanofibers deposited at a distance of 3 cm under tension of 6.3 KW generated in a COCKCROFT – WALTON source. Therefore, it was found that, although the TA and AS polymers showed good results, the films made from Tilapia were the ones that best corroborated those made from biomaterials for dental use. Finally, it is believed that those using Amazonian fish made it possible to reproduce methods already vehemently applied in the literature and could eventually supply the needs of market.