Análise das ações de resposta ao cenário de rompimento de barragem de Tucuruí no contexto do PAE e PLANCON

Abstract

As a result of the latest accidents involving the dam collapse scenario in Brazil and the strong demand from society and supervisory bodies demanding more safety in dam projects, Eletronorte, responsible for HPP Tucuruí, in 2017 prepared the Safety Plan, and in 2023, together with the municipalities located in the ZAS (Self-rescue Zone), it consolidated the integration of Emergency and Contingency Plans. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze the response actions to the Tucuruí dam collapse scenario in the context of municipalities located in ZAS. The methodological steps used to achieve the results were as follows: Characterize the Tucuruí HPP and the municipalities located in the ZAS (Tucuruí and Breu Branco); Description of the history of preparation and integration, PAE-UHE Tucuruí and PLANCONS of the ZAS municipalities; Evaluate the structuring of COMDECs in the ZAS municipalities, based on the criteria of the COMDECs Diagnostic Report in Brazil and Evaluate the operational logistics of the SCI (Incident Command System) defined in the PLANCONs of Tucuruí and Breu Branco. The results revealed that COMDECs are deficient in terms of training, and in Tucuruí, agents need additional training that meets the thematic axes offered by the National Civil Protection and Defense System – SINPDEC. At COMDEC Breu Branco, a lack of training for all members was identified, with courses being carried out only by the coordination. The financial resources verified to support COMDECs' actions are only allocated in cases of occurrences and there is no preventive financial planning in both municipalities. In terms of infrastructure, COMDEC in Breu Branco is not capable of operating in this emergency scenario, as it has limitations in terms of response support from the 8th GBM. Finally, this study presented, for the first time, the weaknesses observed in the context of the collapse of the Tucuruí dam, in terms of the operationalization of the PAE-PLANCONs in the ZAS municipalities, demonstrating that the COMDECS need better structuring and that the Plans must undergo planning adjustments, aiming for better effectiveness in response actions, which can reduce the vulnerability of the population in the post-disaster period.