Itinerário de influências ibero-italianas na arte e na arquitetura: retábulos da Belém do século XVIII

Abstract

The altarpieces are domains that integrate art and architecture, and they were initially used as an educational tool for the propagation of Christian faith, which reached its apogee during the Catholic Reformation. These models were brought from Europe to the colonies, and in Belém there are examples that stand out for their unusual characteristics. With the proposed change in the liturgy by the II Vatican Council, they have lost their original function, but as a revealing example of the historical, artistic and religious condition from a time that present an evolution in its composition and form, they require documentation and analytical studies in the Amazon region which depict the practices and knowledge that enabled the making of these altarpieces with local labor. This research aims to analyze, starting from five types of altarpieces from Belém of the XVIII century, the iberian-italian influences in art and architecture production, emphasizing in the miscegenation’s processes of cultural encounters that occurred between settlers, missionaries, technicians (especially Bolognese architect Antonio Landi), indians and black slaves. In this sense, based on historical documents, drawings by Landi, architecture tractates, History of Art, iconographic analysis of the altarpieces it may be depicted the historical and local social context and iberian-italian context, the evolutionary study of altarpieces, academic and cultural references, and the five altarpieces based on Panofsky’s iconographic image reading methodology, on a new way of looking basis.