Modelagem e simulação de sistemas multicomponentes a altas pressões aplicada a separação de compostos bioativos

Abstract

Large applications using supercritical fluids related to the fractionation of natural products have been studied in recent decades. This work had as objective the thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibrium of binary and multicomponent systems of vegetable oils related compounds (fatty acids, triglycerides, squalene, α-tocopherol and methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids) with supercritical carbon dioxide, using the cubic equations of state of Soave-Redich-Kwong (SRK) and Peng-Robinson (PR), with the Quadratic and Mathias-Klotz-Prausnitz mixing rules, to build a database of binary interaction parameters between these constituents and between these constituents with carbon dioxide, with an emphasis on the interactions related to bioactive compounds. The equations of PR and SRK showed efficiency in correlation of binary systems equilibrium data. For most binary systems experimental data fit, with the mixing rules with two binary interaction parameters, obtained good results and cash equivalents when compared with the mixing rules with three parameters. For multicomponent systems, when the experimental data were correlated with the PE program, employing both equations with quadratic mixing rule, shown convergence, best results for phase equilibrium description and the representativeness of the thermodynamic analysis of separation through the distribution coefficients were obtained. For the CO2 (1)/(2) oleic acid/linoleic acid (3) system, the prediction of equilibrium with an interaction parameters matrix of binary systems proved equivalent in relation to the use of multicomponent systems interaction parameters. In relation to the CO2 (1)/Methyl Myristate (2)/Methyl Palmitate (3) system the results obtained from the calculation using the interaction parameters matrix of binary systems, as with the parameters of interaction of multicomponent system, showed average deviation similar to the temperature of 323.15 K. For the CO2 (1)/Squalene (2)/(3)/Triolein oleic acid (4) system, the best results were obtained by the Quadratic mixing rule with the multi-component system interaction parameters. In relation to the CO2 (1)/(2) oleic acid/Palmitic acid (3)/Squalene (4) system, the results obtained using the interaction parameters matrix of binary systems showed average deviations below 8%. The calculation of the ELV for the CO2 (1)/Methyl Myristate (2)/Methyl Palmitate (3)/Methyl Oleate (4)/Methyl Stearate (5) system, with the EDEflash and PE program with Quadratic mixture rule, using the interaction parameters matrix from binary systems showed similar results. For the CO2 (1)/Ethyl Palmitate (2)/ Ethyl Stearate(3)/ Ethyl Oleate (4)/ Ethyl Linoleate (5) (palm oil ethyl esters) system, the prediction of the ELV with the SRK combined with Quadratic mixing rule, using the interaction parameters matrix from binary systems, presented results with deviations below 4% in both phases at 333.15 K.