A ribeira & a orla: espacialidades e territorialidades urbanas ribeirinhas em uma cidade amazônica em transformação

Abstract

Based on the theory of spaces socially produced, the reflections of this study are in line with the theme: the relationship city-river in the Amazon developed through of a case study, the waterfront of Marabá city. The goal is to analyze the social production of the space and the territorial conflicts existing in face of recent Amazonian dynamics, taking into account local specificities of the economic, political and symbolic relationship/interaction among different agents with the river. For this, the historical and dialectical materialism was used as theoretical-methodological instrumental and the following procedures methodological of research: a) bibliographic review of relevant themes to the development of this work related to the urban geography and the geography of the Amazon, settled on the theory of the space socially produced; b) bibliographic research about the process historical and geographical of the waterfront and the city of Marabá; c) survey of the primaries and secondaries data and documentary sources of the study area; d) systematic field observation about the cityriver relationship in Marabá, with inventory of the urban landscape (identification, analysis and comparison of the elements) and its spatial, temporal and territorial dynamics; e) application forms based on the relationship among city and rivers in the waterfront; f) recording of individual interviews using semi-structured questions realized with the main agents (government representatives, residents, corporations, traders etc.) present in the waterfront of Marabá. Based on the collected and analyzed data, it was found a residual permanence of the riverine way of life in waterfront of Marabá, in spite of the modernization processes which passes the city. Moreover, the riverine permanence is under a conflictual relationship with agents/groups that understands the waterfront as a predominantly economic space, such as the State, the regional and local businesses, the large businesses, landowners and property developers. This context reinforces the importance of to pay attention to the specificities of the process to how the life is developed in “riverside” Amazon. Enables also to understand the complex, diverse and unequal form which it develops the relationship among cities – complex and contradictory space, use value par excellence – and rivers – an element that defines rhythms, signs, knowledge and socio-spatial urban dynamics in the regional context.