Estratégias de leitura como instrumento na formação do leitor competente

Abstract

By understanding reading as a process of social interaction in which the reader interacts with the text in a critical and active way, able to attribute meaning to what he reads, we have developed this study with the objective of approaching the teaching of reading comprehension strategies as an instrument in the formation In order to reach the desired goal, we base this work on the dialogical conception of language and the perspective of discursive genres from Bakhtin / Volochinov (1992) , Bakhtin (2003), and in the theoretical assumptions related to the Bakhtinian interactionist view of language, expressed in the NCPs (BRASIL 1997- 1998 - 2001), in the studies of Geraldi (1997 -1998 - 2011), Solé (1998), Kleiman Menegassi and Menegassi (2010), and in addition, authors based on the constructivist conception of teaching and school learning defended by Coll (1990), a theory in which Solé (1998) is based when it comes to teaching reading comprehension strategies. It is a qualitative / participatory research, in which we seek to describe the discourse of the subjects studied, making a parallel with what the documents provided by the school collaborating the research say, retaking in the analysis the current theories in the research. The results of the study show that the work with the reading proposed by the school is not enough to make the reader an active and participative subject of the teaching and learning process and, therefore, does not make it sufficiently develop its reading abilities. The reading of the text is still done in an elementary way, with a more pronounced focus on the oralization of writing and its grammatical aspects, without a thematic deepening aimed at the critical dialogue with other readings and the singularities of the text itself, factors that contribute to An effective reading in the construction of the senses in the act of reading. We understand that one of the reasons that lead to this practice is the little investment in a systematized work with reading, which promotes reader-text-author integration. Although there is a great effort of the teachers, the reading activities elaborated by them still fall short of a work that in fact contributes to the formation of a competent reader, capable of making social use of reading in different communicative situations. The analyzes culminated in a proposal for reading comprehension activities, as defined by Solé (1998), which guides that reading must occur in three moments: before, during and after reading the text.