Um simulador para avaliação da influência das características locais das descargas atmosféricas nuvem-solo em sistemas de detecção indireta

Abstract

The monitoring of the phenomenon of atmospheric discharges has been fundamental to prevent incidents in the infrastructure of companies that operate in large areas, such as energy, telecommunications and information technology. In addition, it provides data for the planning of lightning protection systems, thus avoiding further damage to life on Earth, and more recently providing information for weather warning systems such as short-term storm forecasting. Therefore, it is no longer a matter of choice, but rather the need to install and maintain systems that supervise these events on a local, regional and even national scale. Among the possible types, the Lightning Location Systems are the ones that provide more accurate information in the mentioned scales, because they work with the perception of the electromagnetic impulse generated by the lightning. This signal has the property of propagating at medium and long distances in certain frequency bands, maintaining good the information quality of the phenomenon that originated it. However, the phenomenological characteristic of the lightning is intrinsic to the monitored area, making fundamental the understanding of these specificities to better benefit the mentioned systems. This work presents a computational tool to simulate the influence of local characteristics on the propagation of electromagnetic waves caused by cloud-to-ground lightning. The methodology was used to simulate the propagation of these waves through the MATLAB® program, using as model of return current in the discharge channel the model of engineering type the Transmission Line (TL) to represent the electric phenomenon generated by thelightning.