Cadeia produtiva da bovinocultura leiteira no município de Tailândia, estado do Pará: sistemas de produção e tecnologia

Abstract

This dissertation aims to characterize the productive chain of dairy cattle in the municipality of Thailand, Pará, Mesoregion Northeast Pará. Were evaluated secondary data on government and institutional sites, and primary data through interviews with producers, community leaders and experts from public institutions. The milk production chain suffered changes due to changes in the local economy, characterized by pressure on environmental enforcement and introduction of new crops. The median age of producers was 52.5 years, with low educational level and performance in the business for over ten years. Milk production is the main income-generating activity, among other rural and urban character. The properties using traditional system with reduced use of forages and supplemental feeding. As health measures, there is compliance on the implementation of FMD vaccine, under control and supervision of the Agricultural Protection Agency of Pará, as well as prevention against parasites and worms, however, there is no control and reproductive planning. Milking is done manually in a covered corral, once a day, and only 34.7% of the properties have piped water on site to hygiene of food handlers, utensils and animals. Because of the suspension of activities of the municipal dairythe production milk and dairy products is piped to the informal trade, which configures a public health problem. The properties had a high technological level, reflecting in animal productivity, with an overall average of just 4.59 liters / cow / day. In this context, it is important that public policies promote sustainable production systems through technology transfer, the development of production of dairy products, with certification of quality and food safety, bearing in mind the preservation of social, economic cultural and of family farmers.