Um método fuzzy para programação de inspeções em transformadores baseado na análise de gases combustíveis e parâmetros físico-químicos do óleo isolante

Abstract

Power transformers using oil for insulation internal parts need periodic maintenance of a program aimed at detecting possible failures, such as deterioration of the winding insulation cellulose, short circuit between turns, gases dissolved in the oil due to its degeneration etc. Typically, preventive maintenance programs are used by companies for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity for avoiding these failures may result in removal of equipment from the electrical system, a situation that involves large financial losses, either by decreased billing at payment of penalties to the regulatory agency, as well as reduced system reliability. To avoid these types of losses, this paper presents a proposed solution using fuzzy approach, to assist the process of inspections programming in high power transformers (500kv), through the analysis of gases dissolved in insulating oil, obtained by the technique gas chromatography and physico-chemical analysis of the oil. We attempted to produce a solution that combines the results of traditional methods already established in the literature, with additional situations originating from the physico-chemical analysis of the oil and knowledge of experts in order to increase the effectiveness of such equipment inspection procedure. With this, any Electric Power System - SEP - that performs diagnostics on transformers by NBR 7274, tends to get a more accurate diagnosis, due to the association of physical-chemical analysis of the insulating oil with gas chromatography and knowledge tacit from specialists, enabling us to expand the base of original rules of that technical standard. All tests and the database used were from a laboratory of Chemistry of various electrical substations of an power company located in Barcarena - Pará - Brazil.