Pastagens arborizadas no projeto de assentamento benfica, município de Itupiranga, Pará, Brasil

Abstract

In the microregion of Marabá - Pará, the cattle pastures of the family farmers present a high diversity of trees and palm trees which have an important role in limiting biodiversity degradation and for its utilities. The study was carried out in 26 properties, where 62 cattle pastures were visited with the farmer. In each cattle pasture, it was listed all trees and palm trees present in the area. Seventy-one species were found, belonging to 32 families of which 9 were stood out with the greatest number of species: Caesalpiniaceae (11), Mimosaceae (10), Arecaceae (4), Lecythidaceae (4), Bignoniaceae (3), Fabaceae ( 3), Moraceae (3), Sapotaceae (3) and Sterculiaceae (3); twenty families present one single species. Twenty-four species (34% of total) belonged to 3 Leguminosae families (Fabaceae, Caesalpiniaceae and Mimosaceae). The tree species are held mainly because of the various uses on the property. Out of the 21 species, suitable for afforestation of cattle pasture of farmers of this and other communities, 9 species are particularly recommended because of their fire resistance and for many years of grazing, and because they have two or more uses: Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers., Bertholletia excelsa H. B. K., Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng., Oenocarpus distichus Mart., Astrocaryum tucuma Mart., Swartzia flaemingii Raddi, Apeiba tibourbou Aubl., Cenostigma tocantinum Ducke, Spondias mombin L.